2022/4/11 16:07:03 阅读：388 发布者：chichi77
《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》（以下简称《课标》）指出，语言技能是语言运用能力的重要组成部分，主要包括听、说、读、写等方面的技能以及这些技能的综合运用。听和读是理解的技能，说和写是表达的技能。写作为四项基本技能之一，如何提高学生的写作能力，加强学生的写作基本功，是当前写作教学亟待解决的问题。
话题作文是以一定的话题为中心，以各单元的话题背景语言为依托，围绕单元目标词汇和语言结构展开的话题性写作活动。教师在课堂教学实践中，要以拓展单元目标语言为出发点，以提高学生的英语写作能力为目的。通过该活动，教师得以把单元话题下的重要词汇和语言结构贯穿于话题写作中,要求学生对单元目标语言进行再理解、内化、提取和综合，对分散的单元语言知识加以组织，由词→句→篇的转化，从而达到写作能力的逐步提升。
我们可以从以下几个方面入手改善学生的写作：
1. 使用较高级的词汇
引导学生在写作时有“短语优先”的意识。在表达简单句时，思考能否用更高级的短语来代替，使文章更加漂亮。例如：
It’s very important to do some sports every day. 此处的important 可用be of great importance 来代替。
2. 丰富文章的句式
引导学生在润饰文章时，对文章的句型进行多样化的处理，少用简单句，多用复合句。例如：
You can improve your English only in this way. 该句我们可以用一个倒装句来进行改写，以此增加文章的文采。改为：Only in this way can you improve your English.
另外，必要的名言警句的运用也能为学生的作文加分。
3. 使用恰当的连接词
一篇优美的文章应该像一首流利而又优美的诗歌，缓缓道来。因此，教师在指导学生进行写作时，要进行过渡词的渗透，如what’s more, in addition, as a result, what’s worse等等。例如：
I shared the cost of the gas with my friends. As a result, I saved $80.
写作策略分析
（一）通过文本解读掌握写作素材
掌握一定的写作素材才能在写作时有话可说。教师要创造性地使用教材，挖掘教材中的写作素材，系统地引导学生积累相关话题的素材和基础知识，才能逐渐提升学生的写作能力，指导学生写出语言地道、逻辑清晰、行文流畅的高质量的文章。
（二）通过优化设计搭建写作的基础
教师在设计时，要注意从整体构建的课堂教学观出发，在整体的语言观下审视和建构教材，让语言教学紧紧统一在话题或主题所创造的情境中，最终为实现以“写作”形式的输出活动搭建语言知识和篇章结构的框架。
（三）通过课堂写作保证写作效率
适当地让学生在课堂上写作既能保证学生写作的时间，又能提高写作效率。
（四）通过生生互改提高学生写作的积极性
在实施课堂写作时，让学生A到黑板上板书，其余学生写在作文纸上。然后要求以黑板上的学生习作为批改对象，让学生B用黄色粉笔划出精彩的词语和表达句型，再让学生C用红笔找出语法错误，这样既可以纠正同伴作文中的错误，也可以大大提高学生参与写作的积极性，“生生互改”取得了传统的教师批改方式无法达到的成效。如果时间允许，可以让学生以类似的方式互改作文，然后教师抽查几篇用投影仪显示，促使学生思想火花的碰撞，提高写作能力。
范文一如下：
As we know, Shenzhen is well-known as the capital city of innovation. In order to develop the creative ability of students, a science festival was held in our school last week. During the Festival, students took part in a variety of activities, such as watching science documentary movies and doing science experiments. There was a Model Robot Competition as well, where students showed many new models of Robot they designed. The most attractive model was the one used in campus. It looked like a doctor with a pair of glasses. It was about 2 metres tall, and had two long arms so that it could be seen from a long distance. It could not only serve students in class but also do sports with them on the playground. Most of students I interviewed in this activity said they enjoyed the day and that the festival increased their interest in the exploration of science. They also hoped to have more chances to take part in this kind of science activity.
Our school hopes that more students can learn science and technology better to serve our country.
范文二如下：
Shenzhen, a young city, attracts lots of people to travel and live here. Shenzhen is also a beautiful city, whose beauty is reflected in various aspects.First, Shenzhen is beautiful for its natural scenery. It is wonderful to enjoy the sunset in Shenzhen Bay. And we can see colourful clouds on the Lianhua Mountain. Second, Shenzhen has its beauty of humanity. Yearly Shenzhen Reading Month gives us a perfect chance to enjoy reading. A group of volunteers wearing red vests can be seen everywhere. At last, I’m also inspired by its beauty of virtue. It is quite easy to find the kindness and politeness around the city. People here often offer their seats to those in need on the subway. They always obey rules and line up at bus stations.
I am proud of living in Shenzhen. With its beauty of various kinds, I believe Shenzhen will be more prosperous and beautiful in the future.
范文三如下：
I am proud of see the prosperity of our motherland. Our excellent traditional culture, such as the four great inventions, had a great impact on the world. Today, China has grown into a powerful country with various kinds of achievements. For instance, the high-speed rail has greatly reduced traveling time around the country. Besides, from AI to 5G robots, Chinese technology companies are in the world’s leading position. In order to fulfill the Chinese Dream, we are supposed to work hard and take action to realize our own values. More importantly, it is significant for us to seize every possible opportunity to make our country more competitive and powerful.
With dreams, hard work and opportunities, beautiful things can be created.
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