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小学英语必须掌握的四大时态

2024/9/30 9:31:07  阅读:91 发布者:

时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴,小学英语主要是如下的四大时态:一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时。

一般现在时

主要描述经常会发生的动作、状态或不变的真理。

句末常出现every day/week/year/Monday , in the morning;句中常有always, usually, often, sometimes

组成1.主语+be+名词(形容词)

I am a student.      

He is tall.

否定句:在be 后加not

I am not a student.     

He is not tall.

疑问句:be 动词提前到第一位。

Are you a student?      

Yes,I am./No,I am not.

Is he tall?

Yes,he is./No,he isnt.

组成2.主语+动词+地点+时间

We go to school on Monday.

He goes to the park on Sunday.

否定句:主语+dont/doesntt+动词原形+地点+时间

We dont go to school on Monday.

He doesnt go to the park on Sunday.

疑问句:在句首加dodoes

Do you go to school on Monday?  

Yes, we do./ No, we dont.

Does he go to the park on Sunday?  

Yes, he does./ No, he doesnt.

动词第三人称单数变化

1. 在原单词末尾加s , 如:like likes

2. 单词以o, sh, ch, s, x 结尾加es, 如:go goes

3. 单词末尾为辅音+y结尾去yies 如:study- studies

现在进行时

主要叙述正在发生的事情。

句末常出现now;句首常出现look, listen

组成 主语+be +动词ing形式

I am reading English.

They are swimming.

He is playing football.

否定句:在be后加not

I am not reading English.

They are not swimming.

He is not playing football.

疑问句:将be 放到第一位。

Are you reading English?  

Yes, I am./ No, I am not.

Are they swimming?       

Yes, they are. / No, they arent.

Is he playing football?    

Yes, he is. / No, he isnt.

动词变ing形式

1.在动词末尾加ing. 如:play- playing

2. 末尾有e,要去eing. 如:ride riding

3. 末尾以辅音元音辅音结尾,双写末尾的辅音字母.如:swim-swimming

一般过去时

主要描述过去发生的事情。

句末常出现last night/week/Monday/year, yesterday, ago

组成 主语+动词过去式

I was a pilot.

They were busy.

He went to the market.

否定句:在be后加not,在普通动词前加didnt 动词恢复原形。

I was not a pilot.

They were not busy.

He didnt go to the market.

疑问句:提前be 动词或在句前加did

Were you a pilot?  

Yes, I was./ No, I wasnt.

Were they busy?   

Yes, they were./ No, they werent.

Did they go to the market?  

Yes, they did. / No, they didnt.

动词变过去式

1. 在末尾加edd 如:play-playedlike-liked

2. 辅音加y,结尾去yied.如:study-studied

3. 辅音元音辅音结尾双写最后一个字母加ed.如:stop-stopped

一般将来时

主要描述将来要发生的事情。

句末常出现next Monday/week/ year, tomorrow

组成1.主语+be going to +动词原形

I am going to visit Ann.

They are going to draw a dog.

She is going to ride a horse.

否定句:在be后加not

I am not going to visit Ann.

They are not going to draw a dog.

She is going to ride a horse.

疑问句:将be提前

Are you going to visit Ann?   

Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

Are they going to draw a dog?   

Yes, they are./ No, they arent.

Is she going to ride a horse?      

Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.

组成2.主语+will+动词原形

I will go to the library.

They will clean the house.

She will eat breakfast at home.

否定句:在will 后加not 或将will not 写为wont

I will not go to the library.

They will not clean the house.

She will mot eat breakfast at home.

疑问句:将will 提前

Will you go to the library?  

Yes, I will./ No, I wont.

Will they clean the house?    

Yes, they will. / No, they wont.

Will she eat breakfast at home?   

Yes, she will. /No, she wont.

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