风吹麦浪黄
农人插秧忙
收麦养稻之时
有人忙着收获
有人忙着播种
芒种,到了
生命的丰盈与饱满
生活的炙热与渴盼
都在这个时节展露无遗
“芒种”(Grain in Ear)是中国传统二十四节气(the 24 traditional Chinese solar terms)中的第九个节气。
“芒”指带芒作物的收获,如大麦、小麦等;“种”即为谷黍类作物的播种。夏收夏种都发生在这个时期,所以新一轮的农忙也开始了。
ear:the top part of a grain plant, such as wheat , that contains the seeds (谷类植物的)穗
ears of corn 玉米穗
比起前八个节气,芒种期间的降雨量仍处于增加状态,长江中下游地区即将进入梅雨季(Plum Rains season)。
诗人赵师秀在《约客》中写道:黄梅时节家家雨,青草池塘处处蛙。这句诗正是对这个时节天气的生动描述。
Plum Rains, often occurring during June and July, refer to the long period of continuous rainy or cloudy weather. This happens to be the time for plums to ripen, which explains the origin of its name. Plum Rains is a good period for growing rice, vegetables and fruits.
“梅雨”指长时间的持续性降雨或多云天气,通常发生在六至七月间。此时正是梅子成熟的季节,所以因此得名。梅雨期是稻谷、蔬菜和水果生长的好时机。
今天让我们一起来看看关于芒种时节的那些事儿。
祈祷丰收
Seedling protection
“安苗”是安徽省南部的传统农业习俗。从明代早期开始,人们就会在芒种到来之际献上精心制作的祭品以祈求丰收。
家家户户用新麦面蒸发包,把面捏成五谷六畜、瓜果蔬菜等形状,然后用蔬菜汁染上颜色,作为祭祀供品,以祈求五谷丰登、平安康健。
People make different types of bread from wheat flour and color them with vegetable juice. The bread is used as a sacrificial offering to pray for a good harvest and people's safety.
人们用小麦粉制作各式各样的糕点,然后用蔬菜汁上色。人们用这些糕点上供,祈祷丰收和个人平安。
泥地摔跤
贵州南部的侗族(Dong minority)年轻人,至今还保留着在芒种“泥地摔跤”的习俗。
On this day newlyweds, accompanied by their good friends, plant rice together. While planting, they throw mud at each other. At the end of this activity, whoever has the most mud on them proves they are the most popular person.
在这天,新婚夫妇在好友的陪伴下一同插秧。在插秧时,他们会互相掷泥巴。活动结束时,身上泥巴最多的就是最受欢迎的人。
newlywed:新婚者,新婚夫妇
煮青梅
Boil green plums
在南方,芒种过后就准备进入梅雨季节,所谓梅雨,既是雨季,也是梅季。
芒种前后,梅子成熟,此时天气炎热,人们往往食欲不振,而青梅含有多种天然优质有机酸和丰富的矿物质,有消除疲劳、调节酸碱平衡的功效。不过新鲜梅子大多味道酸涩,难以直接入口,需加工后食用,这种加工过程便是煮梅。
据《三国志》载:建安五年,曹操以青梅煮酒邀刘备共论天下英雄,即后世所谓的“青梅煮酒论英雄”。
Green plums contain a variety of natural and high-quality organic acids and are rich in minerals. However, fresh plums are acerbic and need to be boiled before serving.
青梅含有多种天然高品质的有机酸,还富含矿物质。但是新鲜的梅子很酸,需要煮熟再食用。
acerbic [əˈsɜːrbɪk] adj. 酸的;辛辣的
清淡饮食
芒种节气不宜食用高油高盐的食物,要多吃蔬菜和粗粮。
Generally, vegetables and coarse grains that work in lowering blood pressure and blood fat should be the first choice. During this season, people are encouraged to consume less lamb, pork, hot peppers, onions and ginger if they are frequently feeling thirsty and tired.
总体来说,有助于降血压、降血脂的蔬菜和粗粮应是首选。在此期间,如果频频感到口渴、疲劳,应该少吃羊肉、猪肉、辣椒、洋葱和姜。
The balsam pear is a classic choice. It contains a lot of natural and nourishing water, which is good for patients suffering from high blood pressure or high blood sugar.
苦瓜是一个经典的选择。它含有大量的天然水份,对高血压或高血糖的患者有益。
吃凉性水果
这一时期天气较热,推荐大家吃一些凉性的水果来“降温”,比如咬一口汁水四溢、唇齿留香的梨。
Other recommendations include tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplant, celery, asparagus, watermelon and strawberry. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine theories, they are all cool-natured and can help eliminate heat in the body and promote digestion.
其他推荐果蔬还有西红柿、黄瓜、茄子、芹菜、芦笋、西瓜和草莓等。根据中国传统医学理论,这些都是凉性的食材,有助于清热败火,促进消化。
送花神
Say farewell to the Flower God
古时,人们在农历二月初二日花朝节上迎花神。
芒种已近五月,百花开始凋残、零落,民间多在芒种日举行祭祀花神仪式,送花神归位,同时表达对花神的感激之情,盼望来年再次相会。
这个习俗在曹雪芹《红楼梦》的“黛玉葬花”中可一窥究竟。
During Grain in Ear,people say farewell to the Flower God and show their gratitude.
芒种期间,人们告别花神,同时表达感激之情。
grain [ɡreɪn] n.谷物,谷粒
people [ˈpiːpl] n.人;人们
show [ʃoʊ] v. 表明;展示
芒种时节的天气
芒种过后,南方大部分地区进入梅雨季。那么梅雨的英文怎么说呢?
plum rain season 梅雨季
梅雨季的英文名工工整整对应了三个汉字,梅(梅子)-plum,雨-rain,季(季节)-season。
Plum rain season is named after plums because it begins when the plums are ripe.
梅雨季是以水果“梅子”命名的,因为当梅子成熟时梅雨季就开始了。
其实plum rain season算是一种民间的俗称,这种天气还有一个正式的英文名叫做East Asian rainy season,直译过来就是“东亚雨季”,从名字上不难猜到,其实不只中国,日本和韩国的一些地区在这此期间也有连续阴雨天气。
此外,还可以称之为mould rain,mould是“霉,霉菌”的意思,用在这里可不是写了错别字,而是因为梅雨季节里环境潮湿,物品很容易长霉,所以有了这个说法。
英文中有不少关于“雨”的表达相信大家一定听过,今天我们再为大家推荐几个常用到的关于“雨”的英文习语。
Feel right as rain 表示感觉变好了,感觉不错
You’ll see that if you have a good night’s sleep, you’ll feel as right as rain.
如果你睡个好觉就会感觉更好。
It never rains but it pours 祸不单行
A:Not only did he lose his job, his car was stolen together with his laptop and iPhone.
A:他不仅丢了工作,他的车、笔记本电脑和手机都被偷了。
B:Oh no. It never rains but it pours.
B:不是吧,真是祸不单行。
Rain on Someone's Parade 指破坏某人的兴致
I'm having such fun, so please don’t rain on my parade.
我正享受着呢,别破坏我的兴致。
Rain Check 改天再约
I’d love to go for dinner, but I can't tonight. Can I take a rain check and get back to you?
我很想和你一起吃晚餐,但是今天晚上不行。可以改天再约吗?
Come rain or shine 指无论发生了什么Don’t you worry.
I'll be there for you on Thursday, come rain or shine.
别担心,无论发生什么,周四我都会去见你的。
来源 | 维克多英语
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