基于知识图谱的我国绿色信贷研究综述
田利辉1,2，聂艳明2,3
（1.广西大学经济学院，广西 南宁530004；
2.南开大学金融发展研究院，天津300071；
3.天津商业大学经济学院，天津300134）
摘要：中国经济需要绿色可持续发展，而绿色信贷是节能减排、保护环境、优化产业结构的重要金融手段。那么，我国绿色信贷研究现状如何？前景何在？以CNKI中CSSCI来源期刊和全国中文核心期刊在2007年至2020年发表的相关文献为研究对象，本文运用CiteSpace软件绘制知识图谱进行可视化分析，总结绿色信贷研究概况，借助关键词综述评析绿色信贷的研究主题和研究趋势。研究发现：（1）前期研究聚焦在绿色信贷的概念、发展必要性以及制约绿色信贷发展的因素，绿色信贷政策发布实施后，则从微观层面探究绿色信贷实施效果；（2）绿色信贷从定性研究为主发展到定量研究为主，但数据可得性限制了微观实证研究的进展；（3）绿色信贷实施效果评估性的研究较少，难以判断政策有效性。目前，需要从多角度完善绿色信贷政策体系和统计体系，从多层面丰富绿色信贷政策实施效果定量研究，从多方位拓展绿色信贷激励约束政策研究，进而推动中国绿色信贷的学术研究、政策优化和业界实践。
关键词：绿色信贷；知识图谱；可视化分析
主要研究结论：本文以中国知网上的中文核心期刊和CSSCI来源期刊为数据来源，以2007年至2020年为时间节点，共检索到绿色信贷领域236篇文献。在此基础上，我们运用CiteSpace软件进行可视化定量分析，通过发文数量和发文期刊等方面综述该领域的研究概况，进而通过关键词分析该领域的研究主题以及研究趋势。本文发现，在政策推动的大背景下，我国绿色信贷实践及其研究取得了较为明显的进展，具体如下：
第一，从研究对象来看，我国绿色信贷学术文献已经由宏观研究转向微观研究。我国早期绿色信贷侧重于总结国际绿色信贷文献和实践经验，探讨中国发展绿色信贷的必要性，分析绿色信贷的影响因素，还探究了绿色信贷如何影响银行环境风险。在近期研究中，多数文献关注绿色信贷对于商业银行的绩效影响，少数文献探讨绿色信贷对重污染企业投融资的影响。然而，当前微观层面的实证研究较少，亟须拓展绿色信贷的微观研究。
第二，从研究方法来看，我国绿色信贷学术文献已经从定性研究为主发展到定量研究为主。然而，绿色信贷数据匮乏限制着实证研究的开展。在绿色信贷与商业银行绩效研究中，因为只有少部分商业银行会主动披露绿色信贷数据，所以往往存在样本过少的问题，实证研究的准确性和严谨性受到影响。在绿色信贷与重污染企业的实证研究中，多数研究只能用虚拟变量来代表绿色信贷政策，采用准自然实验的方法检验政策实施效果，缺乏数据支撑进一步实证研究。
第三，从研究与实践的关系上来看，绿色信贷政策实施评估的研究较少，进而对绿色信贷实践真实效果的判断尚且不足。现有文献主要关注绿色信贷对重污染企业融资、投资的影响，但尚且缺少绿色信贷对环保企业发展的影响研究。少数文献分析了绿色信贷对产业结构的影响，但绿色信贷对污染行业的抑制作用和对绿色环保产业的促进作用的实证研究尚且不足。
A literature review of the development of green credit in China based on the knowledge map
Tian Lihui1,2, Nie Yanming2,3
(1. School of Economics, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China;
2. Institute of Finance and Development, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
3. School of Economics, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China)
Abstract:China needs sustainable green development and green credit is an important market means for energy conservation, emission reduction, environmental protection and industrial structure optimization. How is the current research status and development prospect of the Chinese green credits? In order to understand the current development of green credit research in China, we selected the relevant literature from 2007 to 2020 as research object that has been published by the CSSCI source journals and the Chinese core journals in the database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). As a side note, non－academic literature among them, such as news reports, book reviews and so on.Finally, we got 263 domestic documents in the database of CNKI.As quantitative research can reflect the research hotspots and research status in a certain field more objectively, the CiteSpace software was used in this paper to draw knowledge maps， which was more simple and effective. The visual and quantitative analysis on those full literature samples were conducted in this way.Then the maps were utilized to analyze the literature，and the current research topics were to be grasped and the research trends were also to be judged，which may provide a useful reference for the in-depth study of green credit.
The main research conclusions in this paper are as follows: (1) The research objects of green credit have been shifted from macroscopic research to microscopic research. The early research focused on the concept and necessity of developing green credit in China and the factors affecting the implementation of green credit. After the green credit policy was issued and implemented, academia began to analyze the effects of green credit implementation from a micro level such as commercial bank performance, investment and financing of heavy pollution firms. (2) The research methods of green credit have been evolved from a predominantly qualitative to a predominantly quantitative study, but the availability of data limits the progress of micro-empirical research. However, the samples are often too small with limited data in the research on green credit and commercial bank performance, which significantly reduces the accuracy of empirical research. As for the empirical research on green credit and heavy-polluting companies, most studies can only use dummy variables to represent green credit policies, and there are short of data to support further empirical research. (3) The relationship between research and practice of green credit is in need of further work. There are few evaluative studies on the effect of green credit implementation, which makes it hard to judge the effectiveness of green credit policies.
Our work not only brings about systemic references for new researchers,but also suggests the further research directions. We need to advance the academic research, better the government policies and promote the business practices of green credits. It is therefore in need to improve the green credit policy system and statistical system in order to provide enough data support for green credit research and supervision, to strengthen and deepen the evaluation research on the effect of green credit policy implementation and to expand research on green credit incentive and restraint policies is also important.
Key words:green credit; knowledge map; visualized analysis
引用本文：田利辉,聂艳明.基于知识图谱的我国绿色信贷研究综述[J].科研管理,2023,44(7):97-104.
转自：“科研管理”微信公众号
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