1.《British Journal of Sports Medicine 》
JCR：Q1；IF：18.475
*点击下方问题查看对应文献导读
Does a corticosteroid injection plus
exercise or exercise alone add to the
effect of patient advice and a heel cup
for patients with plantar fasciopathy?
A randomised clinical trial
皮质类固醇注射加运动或单独运动是否
会增加患者建议和足底筋膜病患者脚跟杯的效果？
一项随机临床试验
【Abstract】
Objective：To compare the effectiveness of patient advice plus heel cup alone (PA) versus PA and lower limb exercise (PAX) versus PAX plus corticosteroid injection (PAXI) to improve self-reported pain in patients with plantar fasciopathy.
Methods：We recruited 180 adults with plantar fasciopathy confirmed by ultrasonography for this prospectively registered three-armed, randomised, single-blinded superiority trial. Patients were randomly allocated to PA (n=62), PA plus self-dosed lower limb heavy–slow resistance training consisting of heel raises (PAX) (n=59), or PAX plus an ultrasound-guided injection of 1 mL triamcinolone 20 mg/mL (PAXI) (n=59). The primary outcome was changed in the pain domain of the Foot Health Status Questionnaire (ranging from 0 ‘worst’ to 100 ‘best’) from baseline to the 12-week follow-up. The minimal important difference in the pain domain is 14.1 points. The outcome was collected at baseline and at 4, 12, 26, and 52 weeks.
Results：The primary analysis found a statistically significant difference between PA and PAXI after 12 weeks favouring PAXI (adjusted mean difference: −9.1 (95% CI −16.8 to −1.3; p=0.023)) and over 52 weeks (adjusted mean difference: −5.2 (95% CI −10.4 to −0.1; p=0.045)). At no follow-up did the mean difference between groups exceed the pre-specified minimal important difference. No statistically significant difference was found between PAX and PAXI or between PA and PAX at any time.
Conclusions：No clinically relevant between-group differences were found after 12 weeks. The results indicate that combining a corticosteroid injection with exercise is not superior to exercise or no exercise.
【摘要】
目的：比较患者建议加单独足跟杯（PA）与PA和下肢运动（PAX）与PAX加皮质类固醇注射（PAXI）改善足底筋膜病患者自我报告疼痛的有效性。
方法：我们招募了180名超声证实的足底筋膜病成人，进行这项前瞻性注册的三臂、随机、单盲优势试验。患者被随机分配到PA（n = 62），PA加自给药下肢重慢阻力训练，包括足跟抬高（PAX）（n = 59），或PAX加超声引导注射1 mL曲安奈德20mg / mL（PAXI）（n = 59）。从基线到0周随访，足部健康状况问卷的疼痛领域（范围从100“最差”到12“最佳”）的主要结局发生了变化。疼痛领域的最小重要差异是14.1分。在基线和4、12、26和52周收集结局。
结果：初步分析发现，在12周后，PA和PAXI之间存在统计学上的显着差异，有利于PAXI（调整后均数差：-9.1（95%CI -16.8至-1.3;p=0.023））和超过52周（校正均数差：-5.2（95%CI -10.4至-0.1;p=0.045））。在随访中，组间的平均差均未超过预先指定的最小重要差额。在任何时候，PAX和PAXI之间或PAX和PAX之间都没有统计学上的显着差异。
结论：12周后未发现临床相关的组间差异。结果表明，皮质类固醇注射与运动相结合并不优于运动或不运动。
2.《Journal of Physiotherapy》
JCR：Q1；IF：12.1
*点击下方问题查看对应文献导读
High-velocity power training has
similar effects to traditional resistance
training for functional performance in
older adults: a systematic review
高速力量训练在老年人功能表现方面与传统阻力训练
具有相似的效果：系统评价
【Abstract】
Questions：What is the effect of high-velocity power training (HVPT) compared with traditional resistance training (TRT) on functional performance in older adults? What is the quality of intervention reporting for the relevant literature?
Design：Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
Participants：Older adults (aged > 60 years), regardless of health status, baseline functional capacity or residential status.
Interventions：High-velocity power training with the intent to perform the concentric phase as quickly as possible compared with traditional moderate-velocity resistance training performed with a concentric phase of ≥ 2 seconds.
Outcome measures：Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Timed Up and Go test (TUG), five times sit-to-stand test (5-STS), 30-second sit-to-stand test (30-STS), gait speed tests, static or dynamic balance tests, stair climb tests and walking tests for distance. The quality of intervention reporting was assessed with the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT) score.
Results：Nineteen trials with 1,055 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with TRT, HVPT had a weak-to-moderate effect on change from baseline scores for the SPPB (SMD 0.27, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.53; low-quality evidence) and TUG (SMD 0.35, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.63; low-quality evidence). The effect of HVPT relative to TRT for other outcomes remained very uncertain. The average CERT score across all trials was 53%, with two trials rated high quality and four rated moderate quality.
Conclusion：HVPT had similar effects to TRT for functional performance in older adults, but there is considerable uncertainty in most estimates. HVPT had better effects on the SPPB and TUG, but it is unclear whether the benefit is large enough to be clinically worthwhile.
【摘要】
问题：与传统阻力训练（TRT）相比，高速力量训练（HVPT）对老年人功能表现有什么影响？相关文献的干预报告质量如何？
设计：随机对照试验的系统评价和荟萃分析。
参与者：老年人（>60岁），无论健康状况，基线功能能力或居住状况如何。
干预：高速功率训练，目的是尽快执行同心相位，与以≥ 2秒的同心阶段进行的传统中等速度阻力训练相比。
结果测量：短体能电池（SPPB），定时起床测试（TUG），五次坐到站测试（5-STS），30秒坐到站测试（30-STS），步态速度测试，静态或动态平衡测试，楼梯攀爬测试和步行距离测试。使用运动报告模板共识（CERT）评分评估干预报告的质量。
结果：纳入1项试验，共055名受试者。与TRT相比，HVPT对SPPB（SMD 0.27，95%CI 0.02至0.53;低质量证据）和TUG（SMD 0.35，95%CI 0.06至0.63;低质量证据）基线评分的变化有弱至中度影响。HVPT相对于TRT对其他结局的影响仍然非常不确定。所有试验的平均CERT评分为53%，其中两项试验被评为高质量，四项试验被评为中等质量。
结论：HVPT对老年人功能表现的影响与TRT相似，但大多数估计存在相当大的不确定性。HVPT对SPPB和TUG有更好的效果，但尚不清楚其益处是否足够大，在临床上是值得的。
Pain catastrophising and kinesiophobia
mediate pain and physical function
improvements with Pilates exercise in
chronic low back pain: a mediation
analysis of a randomised controlled trial
疼痛灾难化和运动恐惧症通过普拉提运动介导疼痛和
身体功能的改善慢性腰痛：随机对照试验的中介分析
【Abstract】
Questions：How much are the reductions in pain intensity and improvements in physical function from Pilates exercise mediated by changes in pain catastrophising and kinesiophobia?
Design：This was a secondary causal mediation analysis of a four-arm randomised controlled trial testing Pilates exercise dosage (once, twice or thrice per week) against a booklet control.
Participants：Two hundred and fifty-five people with chronic low back pain.
Data analysis：All analyses were conducted in R software (version 4.1.2) following a preregistered analysis plan. A directed acyclic graph was constructed to identify potential pre-treatment mediator-outcome confounders. For each mediator model, we estimated the intervention-mediator effect, the mediator-outcome effect, the total natural indirect effect (TNIE), the pure natural direct effect (PNDE), and the total effect (TE).
Results：Pain catastrophising mediated the effect of Pilates exercise compared with control on the outcomes pain intensity (TNIE MD –0.21, 95% CI –0.47 to –0.03) and physical function (TNIE MD –0.64, 95% CI –1.20 to –0.18). Kinesiophobia mediated the effect of Pilates exercise compared with control on the outcomes pain intensity (TNIE MD –0.31, 95% CI –0.68 to –0.02) and physical function (TNIE MD –1.06, 95% CI –1.70 to –0.49). The proportion mediated by each mediator was moderate (21 to 55%).
Conclusion：Reductions in pain catastrophising and kinesiophobia partially mediated the pathway to improved pain intensity and physical function when using Pilates exercise for chronic low back pain. These psychological components may be important treatment targets for clinicians and researchers to consider when prescribing exercise for chronic low back pain.
【摘要】
问题：普拉提运动对疼痛强度的降低和身体机能的改善在多大程度上是由疼痛灾难和运动恐惧症的变化介导的？
设计：这是一项四臂随机对照试验的二级因果中介分析，测试普拉提运动剂量（每周一次、两次或三次）与小册子对照。
参与者：255名慢性腰痛患者。
数据分析：所有分析均按照预先注册的分析计划在R软件（版本4.1.2）中进行。构建有向无环图以识别潜在的治疗前介质-结局混杂因素。对于每个中介模型，我们估计了干预-中介效应、中介-结果效应、总自然间接效应（TNIE）、纯自然直接效应（PNDE）和总效应（TE）。
结果：与对照组相比，疼痛灾难性因素介导普拉提运动对疼痛强度（TNIE MD -0.21，95%CI -0.47至-0.03）和身体功能（TNIE MD -0.64，95%CI -1.20至-0.18）的影响。与对照组相比，运动恐惧症介导了普拉提运动对疼痛强度（TNIE MD -0.31，95%CI -0.68至-0.02）和身体功能（TNIE MD -1.06，95%CI -1.70至-0.49）结局的影响。每个调解员调解的比例适中（21%至55%）。
结论：使用普拉提运动治疗慢性腰痛时，疼痛灾难性和运动恐惧症的减少部分介导了改善疼痛强度和身体功能的途径。这些心理成分可能是临床医生和研究人员在为慢性腰痛开具运动处方时要考虑的重要治疗目标。
3.《Journal of Sport and Health Science》
JCR：Q1；IF：11.7
*点击下方问题查看对应文献导读
Exercise training attenuates
angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis
by reducing POU2F1 expression
运动训练通过降低POU2F1表达来减轻血管紧张素II
诱导的心脏纤维化
【Abstract】
Background：Exercise training protects against heart failure. However, the mechanism underlying the protective effect of exercise training on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac fibrosis remains unclear.
Methods：An exercise model involving C57BL/6N mice and 6 weeks of treadmill training was used. Ang II (1.44 mg/kg/day) was administered to induce cardiac fibrosis. RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were used to identify the key factors mediating the effects of exercise training on cardiac fibrosis. Primary adult mouse cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were used in vitro. Adeno-associated virus serotype 9 was used to overexpress POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 1 (POU2F1) in vivo.
Results：Exercise training attenuated Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis and reversed 39 gene expression changes. The transcription factor regulating the largest number of these genes was POU2F1. Compared to controls, POU2F1 was shown to be significantly upregulated by Ang II, which is itself reduced by exercise training. In vivo, POU2F1 overexpression nullified the benefits of exercise training on cardiac fibrosis. In CFs, POU2F1 promoted cardiac fibrosis. CCAAT enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) was predicted to be the transcription factor of POU2F1 and verified using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. In vivo, exercise training activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and alleviated the increase in C/EBPβ induced by Ang II. In CFs, AMPK agonist inhibited the increase in C/EBPβ and POU2F1 induced by Ang II, whereas AMPK inhibitor reversed this effect.
Conclusions：Exercise training attenuates Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis by reducing POU2F1. Exercise training inhibits POU2F1 by activating AMPK, which is followed by the downregulation of C/EBPβ, the transcription factor of POU2F1.
【摘要】
背景：运动训练可预防心力衰竭。然而，运动训练对血管紧张素II（Ang II）诱导的心脏纤维化的保护作用机制尚不清楚。
方法：采用C57BL/6N小鼠运动模型，进行6周跑步机训练。给予Ang II（1.44mg / kg /天）诱导心脏纤维化。采用RNA测序和生物信息学分析确定运动训练对心脏纤维化影响的关键因素。体外使用原代成年小鼠心脏成纤维细胞（CFs）。腺相关病毒血清型9用于在体内过表达POU结构域，2类，转录因子1（POU2F1）。
结果：运动训练减灭了Ang II诱导的心脏纤维化，逆转了39个基因表达变化。调节这些基因数量最多的转录因子是POU2F1。与对照组相比，POU2F1被Ang II显着上调，而Ang II本身则通过运动训练而降低。在体内，POU2F1过表达抵消了运动训练对心脏纤维化的益处。在CFs中，POU2F1促进心脏纤维化。CCAAT增强子结合蛋白β（C / EBPβ）被预测为POU2F1的转录因子，并使用双荧光素酶报告基因测定进行验证。在体内，运动训练激活了AMP活化的蛋白激酶（AMPK），缓解了Ang II诱导的C/EBPβ升高。在CFs中，AMPK激动剂抑制了Ang II诱导的C/EBPβ和POU2F1的增加，而AMPK抑制剂逆转了这种作用。
结论：运动训练通过降低POU2F1来减轻Ang II诱导的心脏纤维化。运动训练通过激活 AMPK 来抑制 POU2F1，随后下调 C/EBPβ（POU2F1 的转录因子）。
4.《BioMed Central 》
JCR：Q1；IF：10.66
*点击下方问题查看对应文献导读
Horizontal jump asymmetries
are associated with reduced range
of motion and vertical jump
performance in female soccer players
水平跳跃的不对称性与女性足球运动员的
运动范围和垂直跳跃表现的降低有关
【Abstract】
Background：Performance in jumping and change of direction tests are good proxies to reflect the skill level during soccer-specific actions. Greater inter-leg asymmetries have been identified as a risk factor for developing acute and overuse injuries and jeopardizing soccer performance. The aim of this study was to assess the association between asymmetry in the unilateral vertical and horizontal jump tests, ankle range of motion, linear velocity, and change of direction in a sample of highly trained adult female soccer players.
Methods：Thirty-eight highly trained female soccer players underwent a testing protocol including ankle dorsiflexion, single leg jumps for height (CMJ), distance (HJ), 40 m sprint and 180° change of direction tests.
Results：Within-session reliability was acceptable (CV ≤ 7.9%), and relative reliability showed good to excellent (ICC: 0.83 to 0.99). The one-way ANOVA reported higher inter-limb differences for change of direction deficit (10.9 ± 8.04%) and single leg CMJ (5.70 ± 5.22%). Pearson correlations highlighted significant relationships between horizontal jump asymmetries and ankle dorsiflexion (r = -0.41), CMJ (r = -0.36 to -0.49) and HJ (r = -0.28 to -0.56).
Conclusions：Assessing inter-limb asymmetries through different methods can help scientists understand the specificity of their detrimental effects on soccer performance. Practitioners should be aware of these specificities as well as the magnitude and direction of the asymmetries when aiming to improve specific on-field skills.
【摘要】
背景：跳跃和改变方向测试的表现是反映足球特定动作中技能水平的良好代理。更大的腿间不对称已被确定为发生急性和过度使用性损伤以及危及足球表现的危险因素。本研究的目的是评估训练有素的成年女足球运动员样本中单侧垂直和水平跳跃测试中的不对称性、脚踝运动范围、线速度和方向变化之间的关联。
方法：选取38名训练有素的女足球运动员进行踝背屈、单腿跳高（CMJ）、距离跳跃、40米短跑和180。变向试验。
结果：会话内可靠性尚可（CV ≤ 7.9%），相对可靠性良好至极好（ICC：0.83至0.99）。单因素方差分析报告的方向改变缺陷（10.9±8.04%）和单腿CMJ（5.70±5.22%）的肢体间差异较高。皮尔逊相关性强调了水平跳跃不对称性与踝背屈（r = -0.41）、CMJ（r = -0.36至-0.49）和HJ（r = -0.28至-0.56）之间的显着关系。
结论：通过不同方法评估肢体间不对称性，有助于科学家了解其对足球表现的不利影响的特异性。从业者在旨在提高特定的现场技能时，应该意识到这些特殊性以及不对称的程度和方向。
Comparison of postural sway in
individuals with and without dynamic
knee valgus
有无动态膝关节外翻患者姿势摇摆的比较
【Abstract】
Background：Dynamic knee valgus (DKV) is a multi-planar faulty movement pattern that can cause faulty postural control. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the differences in postural sway (PS) between individuals aged 18–30 years old diagnosed with and without DKV.
Methods：In this cross-sectional study, 62 students (39 males and 23 females) with and without DKV (age: 24.58 ± 2.63 years) were selected and assigned to two groups by conducting the single-leg squat test in the screening stage. The Biodex balance system was then employed to compare the two groups in PS. Mann–Whitney U test was conducted to compare the groups in PS (p ≤ 0.05).
Results：The study’s findings indicate that individuals with DKV did not exhibit any significant differences, compared to those without, about the anterior-posterior stability index (with p values for both static and dynamic situations at 0.309 and 0.198, respectively), medial-lateral stability index (with p values for both static and dynamic situations at 0.883 and 0.500, respectively), and overall stability index (with p values for both static and dynamic situations at 0.277 and 0.086, respectively).
Conclusions：Though several possible factors could contribute to the lack of significant differences in postural sway between individuals with and without DKV, such as measurement tool differences, variable sensitivity in postural stability tests, and differences in movement variability and test stance, we recommend analyzing postural sway in more functional tasks and with different methodological patterns in future studies. Such research could help develop targeted interventions for individuals with DKV and offer a better understanding of the relationship between postural control and DKV.
【摘要】
背景：动态膝关节外翻（DKV）是一种多平面错误的运动模式，可能导致姿势控制错误。本研究的主要目的是调查 18-30 岁被诊断患有和没有 DKV 的个体之间的姿势摇摆 （PS） 差异。
方法：选取62名有和无DKV（年龄：39.23±24.58岁）的学生（男2例，女63例），在筛选阶段进行单腿深蹲试验，分为两组。然后采用Biodex平衡系统比较PS中的两组，进行Mann-Whitney U检验以比较PS中的两组（p ≤ 0.05）。
结果：研究结果表明，与没有DKV的个体相比，在前后稳定指数（静态和动态情况下的p值分别为0.309和0.198）、内侧稳定性指数（静态和动态情况下的p值分别为0.883和0.500）和整体稳定性指数（静态和动态情况下的p值分别为0.277和0.086）。
结论：虽然有几个可能的因素可能导致有和没有DKV的个体在姿势摇摆方面缺乏显着差异，例如测量工具差异，姿势稳定性测试中的敏感性可变以及运动变异性和测试姿势的差异，我们建议在未来的研究中分析更具功能性任务和不同方法模式的姿势摇摆。此类研究可以帮助为DKV患者制定有针对性的干预措施，并更好地了解姿势控制与DKV之间的关系。
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