高中英语七选五
解题指导
七选五阅读主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。
七选五所选材料通常是我们所熟悉的话题，多为说明文，也有记叙文和议论文等其他文体。
为了帮助考生了解这种题型的特点、掌握快速有效的答题方法，我们总结了七选五的解题步骤，以供大家参考。
一、通读全文，理解大意
快速浏览全文，寻找主题句，掌握文章结构及主要内容。“开门见山”与“结尾总结”是最常见的写作方式，因此，在阅读过程中，要特别注意文章的首尾两段，这样可以快速把握文章的主题。
二、浏览选项，初选答案
在浏览完全文，对全文的大意有所了解后，我们应该顺次浏览一下所有的选项。在浏览的过程中，要特别注意选项中出现的与原文相同或者相似的词语，如果遇到这种情况，可以试着把选项代入原文，看看是否符合上下文逻辑。
三、详细阅读，确定答案
仔细阅读文章正文部分并找出各个段落的关键词，为解题做好铺垫，然后再明确各选项的含义，抓住其关键词语。
一般来说，文章的行文需要通过一定的衔接手段来实现。文章的衔接手段有：重复使用某一词语或其近义词，用总称指代具体事物或用具体事物指代整体，使用代词避免重复，使用语篇标记语连接句子等。有时候我们在读文章时即使没有发现明显的衔接手段，也能感觉到字里行间千丝万缕的逻辑关联。因此我们在解题过程中，要特别注意以下几点：
1. 词汇复现。复现是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段。词汇复现通常有同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。
2. 代词。在详读文章和选项的过程中，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，特别是选项中以及空格附近句子中出现的代词。根据代词的单复数和其在句子中所作的成分，我们可以找出代词指代的名词或者句子，从而帮助我们解题。
3. 语篇标记语。语篇是由句子构成的，但是如果一组意义相关的句子不通过一定的过渡词语或其他连句手段合乎逻辑地连接起来，那么这组句子就不能构成篇章。也就是说，起衔接作用的语篇标记语在语篇中的作用相当重要。语篇标记语有表示逻辑关系的thus, therefore, so等；表示结构层次的firstly, secondly, thirdly等；表示改变话题的by the way等；表示递进关系的besides, what’s more等；表示时间关系的before, so far, meanwhile等。在做七选五时，如果能充分利用这些语篇标记语，我们就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文关系。
四、对比分析，排除干扰
我们在选完答案后，还要注意对多余选项进行对比分析。由于多余选项可能会与某个正确选项的内容相近，所以我们要对其进行研究，确定排除理由，从而选出正确答案。
考例分析
2017全国卷I（记叙文）
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.
A. This time there was no tent.
B. Things are going to be improved.
C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
【语篇解读】
本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者从不喜欢野营到喜欢上野营的过程。
【答案解析】
36. D。空格前一句说“他们与我没有共同之处”，空格后下一段讲述了作者的一次野营，前后之间是转折关系，故空格处需填一个承上启下的、表示转折的句子。D项符合语境，其中的however表示转折。
37. C。根据下文的描述“我们睡帐篷、自己烧火做饭、走很远的路去洗澡和上厕所”可知，这次野营比较艰难。这与C项中的rough相对应。
38. A。根据下文转折副词Instead后的描述“我们这次有野营车，里面有舒适的床和空调”可知，这次的野营没有帐篷，故选A项。
39. F。根据空格后的代词We可判断所填句子中应含有复数名词，再结合空格后的句子“从那以后我们进行了很多次野营”可知应选F项（这次野营之后，我的家人对野营相当感兴趣了）。
40. E。作者在文中讲述了自己对野营态度的改变。本段是总结段。结合空格后的内容“每个人迟早都会找到回归自然的方式”可知E项（我喜欢上了野营）符合语境。
2017全国卷II（说明文）
Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. 36 , there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.
37 . Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then. 38 . It can help to eliminate (消除) future interruptions.
When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office. 39 , it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40 . If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint (暗示) that when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.
A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no
B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C. Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes
D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area
E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available
F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not
【语篇解读】
本文是说明文。文章主要就如何避免工作时被打扰提出了几点建议。
【答案解析】
36. B。文章开头便指出“工作时被打扰是一件糟糕的事情”，所以下文针对此问题提出了几点建议。B项与上下文衔接紧密。
37. A。根据空格后的“告诉对方你很抱歉、向对方解释你有很多事情要做、另约时间”可知，本段提出的建议是“忙的时候，不要不好意思拒绝”。saying no与you’re sorry对应。
38. E。根据空格后的It can help to eliminate future interruptions可知，E项符合语境，强调“让人们知道你什么时候有空非常重要”。
39. D。D项中的in the other person’s office与上句中的in your own office对应。
40. G。G项中的it指代上句中的a door to your office。本段主要是讲如何利用办公室的门来避免受到打扰。
转自：“初高中英语学科教研”微信公众号
如有侵权，请联系本站删除！
