NSR: 华中农大张启发团队克隆首个水稻显性雄性不育基因

华中农业大学张启发团队最新研究发现了水稻首个显性雄性不育基因sdgms!这项研究成果发表在权威学术期刊《国家科学评论》上。

利用图位克隆方法,研究人员确定了一个外源转座子插入导致了sdgms基因的异常表达,从而引发雄性不育。这一发现可实现水稻杂交育种过程中的人工授粉过程自动化,将大大提升杂交水稻育种效率。

sdgms基因编码一种能抑制蛋白翻译的肽链,在不育植株的花药中特异表达,导致花药细胞程序性死亡,最终造成雄性不育。

这项研究不仅拓展了我们对基因组进化机制的认识,更为水稻杂交育种提供了非常有力的新工具。

可以说,sdgms基因的发现将革命性地改进水稻的杂交育种过程,使水稻杂交种子的产量和质量达到新的高度,对保障粮食安全意义重大。希望大家关注后续应用进展!

Male sterility in plants provides valuable breeding tools in germplasm innovation and hybrid crop production. However, genetic resources for dominant genic male sterility, which hold great promise to facilitate breeding processes, are extremely rare in natural germplasm. Here we characterized the Sanming Dominant Genic Male Sterility in rice and identified the gene SDGMS using a map-based cloning approach. We found that spontaneous movement of a 1978-bp long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposon into the promoter region of the SDGMS gene activates its expression in anther tapetum, which causes abnormal programmed cell death of tapetal cells resulting in dominant male sterility. SDGMS encodes a ribosome inactivating protein showing N-glycosidase activity. The activation of SDGMS triggers transcription reprogramming of genes responsive to biotic stress leading to a hypersensitive response which causes sterility. The results demonstrate that an ectopic gene activation by transposon movement can give birth to a novel trait which enriches phenotypic diversity with practical utility.

https://academic.oup.com/nsr/article/10/9/nwad210/7237481?login=false

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