投稿问答最小化  关闭

万维书刊APP下载

深挖高考〡阅读理解“词义猜测”解题技巧(2)

2024/1/22 16:23:24  阅读:34 发布者:

阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧(2

词义猜测题

考点:

1、猜测某个词、词组、句子的意义;

2、对文中的多义词或词组进行定义;

3、判断某个代词的指代的对象。

常见命题形式有:

The underlined word/phrase in the second paragraph means _____.

The word it/theyin the last sentence refers to______.

The word “…”(Line 6. para.2probably means ______.

The word “…”(Line 6. para.2could best be replaced by which of the following?

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “…” ?

解题技巧

1、通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词

首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(becauseassinceforsothusas a resultof coursetherefore等等)表示前因后果。

例如:You shouldn't have blamed him for thatfor it wasn't his fault.  通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错),可猜出blame的词义是"责备"

2、通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词

通过同义词猜词,一是要看由andor连接的同义词词组,如happy and gay,即使我们不认识gay这个词,也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词,如Man has known something about the planets VenusMarsand Jupiter with the help of spaceships. 此句中的Venus(金星)Mars(火星)Jupiter(木星)均为生词,但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于"行星"这一义域。

通过反义词猜词,一是看表转折关系的连词或副词,如butwhilehowever等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语,如:He is so homelynot at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思,即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。

3、通过构词法猜词

根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识判断生词词义。如:She is unlikely to have stolen the money. ( un”含否定意义,故为“不太可能”之意。)

4、通过定义或释义关系来推测词义

例如:But sometimesno rain falls for a longlong time. Then there is a dry periodor drought. drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨,于是便有一段干旱的时期,即drought,由此可见drought意思为"久旱""旱灾"。而a dry perioddrought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由isorthat isin other wordsbe called或破折号等来表示。

5、通过句法功能来推测词义

例如:Bananasorangespineapplescoconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapplescoconuts是生词,我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapplescoconutsbananasoranges是同类关系,同属fruit类,因此它们是两样水果,准确地说,是菠萝和椰子。

6、通过描述猜词

描述即作者对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如:The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot flyit can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。

7、根据常识猜词

如:The door was so low that he hit his head on the lintel.lintel “过梁”。)

Afraid of waking the baby up, she tiptoed out of the room.tiptoed “踮着脚走,蹑手蹑脚”)

转自:“初高中英语学科教研”微信公众号

如有侵权,请联系本站删除!


  • 万维QQ投稿交流群    招募志愿者

    版权所有 Copyright@2009-2015豫ICP证合字09037080号

     纯自助论文投稿平台    E-mail:eshukan@163.com