万维提示：
1、投稿方式：在线投稿。
2、期刊网址：https://jkan.or.kr/
3、投稿网址：http://submit.jkan.or.kr/
4、官网邮箱：kaneditor@kan.or.kr
5、期刊刊期：双月刊，逢双月月末出版。
2021年3月10日星期三
投稿须知【官网信息】
Instructions for Authors
The Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing (JKAN) is the official peer-reviewed research journal of the Korean Society of Nursing Science (KSNS). This journal uses a blind peer-review process and all papers must have a clear focus on nurses and the profession of nursing. We have tried to keep transparency from data collection to publication in JKAN and encourage to share research data, protocol, measures, program, etc.
I. AIMS & SCOPE
The JKAN provides a forum for original research and scholarship about nursing practice, health care delivery, management, the workforce, policy and research methods relevant to nursing, midwifery, and other health-related professions around the world.
The journal aims to promote the development and dissemination of knowledge of all spheres of nursing and to support evidence-based nursing policy. The journal welcomes studies that seek to evaluate and understand complex health care interventions and health policies, and that employ rigorous designs and methods appropriate for the research question related to nursing discipline. The journal covers all areas of nursing science. The journal also seeks to advance the quality of research by publishing methodological papers introducing or elaborating on analytic techniques, measures, and research methods.
The journal has published original peer-reviewed articles of interest to researchers since 1970, making it the longest standing repositories of nursing scholarship in Korea. The types of publication are research papers that report research findings; reviews and discussion papers; editorials, which are of interest to an international readership of practitioners, educators, administrators, and researchers in all areas of nursing; letters to the Editor.
• Indexed in major databases: PubMed, Medline, Thomson Reuters - Science Citation Index, Social Science Citation Index, Scopus, CINAHL, and ICMJE.
• Rapid initial screening for suitability and editorial interests
• The International Organization for Standardization’s abbreviated title is J Korean Acad Nurs.
The journal is published six times per year (Feb 28, Apr 30, Jun 30, Aug 31, Oct 31, and Dec 31). The journal is an open-access journal and articles are made freely available online to read, download, and share, immediately upon publication. The JKAN endorses the Equator Network (http://www.equator-network.org), an international initiative that seeks to improve reliability and value of research literature in health care by promoting transparent and accurate reporting of studies. We ask our authors to make use of appropriate reporting guidelines to ensure excellence in scientific reporting.
II. RESEARCH & PUBLICATION ETHICS
1. Research Ethics
The policies on the research and publication ethics of the journal follow the guidelines set by the Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors, the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE, http://publicationethics.org/), the Ministry of Education, and the National Research Foundation of Korea with respect to the settlement of any misconduct.
All manuscripts should be prepared in strict application of the research and publication ethics guidelines recommended by the Council of Science Editors (CSE, http://www.councilscienceeditors.org/), the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE, http://www.icmje.org/), and the Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors (KAMJE, http://www.kamje.or.kr/).
The author(s) must be able to state that the research involving humans or animals has been approved by a responsible IRB and conducted in accordance with accepted national and international standards. JKAN will follow the guidelines set by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE, http://publicationethics.org/) for settlement of any misconduct. All studies involving human subjects or human data must be reviewed and approved by a responsible research ethics board or institutional review board (IRB). Please refer to the principles embodied in the Declaration of Helsinki (https://www.wma.net/policiespost/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medicalresearch-involving-human-subjects/) for all investigations involving human subjects and materials. For studies of humans, including case reports, the author(s) must state whether informed consent was obtained from the study participants. The editor of journal may request submission of copies of the informed consent received from human subjects in clinical studies or IRB approval documents. Animal experiments should also be reviewed by an appropriate committee (e.g., the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee) for the care and use of animals. If the study was exempt from such approval the basis of such exemption and the regulatory framework should be described.
Submission Declaration: When submitting a manuscript, authors should include a letter informing the Editor of any potential overlap with other already published material or material being evaluated for publication and should also state how the manuscript submitted to JKAN differs substantially from the previously published paper(s). If all or part of your patient population was previously reported, this should be mentioned in the Methods section, along with citation of the appropriate reference(s).
Permissions: Authors should obtain permission to use measurement tools for their studies from the copyright owners. Permission to reproduce previously published material must also be obtained in writing from the copyright holder (usually the publisher) and acknowledged in the manuscript.
2. Conflict of Interest
The corresponding author of an article is asked to inform the Editor of the authors’ potential conflicts of interest that may have influenced the research or interpretation of data. A potential conflict of interest should be disclosed on the title page and at the end of the main text, even when the authors are confident that their respective judgments have not been influenced when preparing the manuscript. Such conflicts may include financial support or private connections to pharmaceutical companies, political pressure from special interest groups, or academic problems. The disclosure form should be the same as the ICMJE Uniform Disclosure Form for Potential Conflicts of Interest (http://www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf). The Editor will decide whether the information provided about the conflict of interest should be included in the published paper. In particular, all sources of funding for a study should be explicitly stated. JKAN asks referees to inform the Editor of any conflict of interest before reviewing a particular manuscript.
3. Authorship
JKAN follows the recommendations for authorship set out by the ICMJE, 2019 (http://www.icmje.org/icmje-recommendations.pdf) and the Good Publication Practice Guidelines for Medical Journals 3rd Edition (KAMJE, 2019, https://www.kamje.or.kr/board/view?b_name=bo_publication&bo_id=13&per_page=).
Any designated author should meet all four criteria for authorship, and anyone who meets the four criteria should be identified as an author. Authors should have confidence in the integrity of the contributions of their co-authors. All other contributors not listed as authors should be mentioned in the acknowledgments section. When a master’s thesis or doctoral dissertation is submitted for publication, the first author should be the person awarded the degree and they should declare that content is from the thesis/dissertation.
A corresponding author should be designated when there are two or more authors. The corresponding author has primary responsibility for addressing all issues with the Editor and the readership. Any comment by the corresponding author is regarded as being the opinion of all co-authors. The corresponding author should confirm that all appropriate persons are listed as authors in the manuscript, and all coauthors should approve the final version to be published.
When a large, multicenter group has conducted the work, the group should identify the individuals who accept direct responsibility for the manuscript. When submitting a manuscript authored by a group, the corresponding author should indicate the preferred citation and identify all individual authors, as well as the group name. Journals generally list other members of the group not included as authors in the Acknowledgments section. Acquisition of funding, collection of data, or general supervision of the research group alone do not constitute authorship.
These authorship criteria are intended to keep the status of authorship to those who deserve credit and can take responsibility for the work. Authors are expected to carefully consider the list and order of authors before submitting their manuscript and provide the definitive list of authors at the time of the original submission. At the time of submission, all authors, including the order and list of author names, should be confirmed. When submitting the article, all authors are requested to list ORCID and this ID can be obtained through https://orcid.org.
Any addition, deletion, or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list should only be made prior to acceptance of the manuscript and only if approved by the Editor. To request such a change, the Editor must receive the following from the corresponding author: (a) The reason(s) for the change in the author list; (b) Written confirmation (e-mail, letter) from all authors that they agree with any addition, removal, or rearrangement. In the case of addition or removal of authors, this includes a requirement for confirmation from the author being added or removed. Only in exceptional circumstances will the Editor consider the addition, deletion, or rearrangement of authors after the manuscript has been accepted. While the Editor considers the request, the publication of the manuscript will be suspended. If the manuscript has already been published in an online issue, any requests approved by the Editor will be result in a corrigendum.
4. Redundant Publication and Plagiarism
Redundant publication (duplication) is defined as “reporting (publishing or attempting to publish) substantially the same work more than once, without attribution of the original source(s).” Characteristics of reports that are substantially similar include the following: (a) “At least one of the authors must be common to all reports (if there are no common authors, it is more likely plagiarism than redundant publication);” (b) “The subjects or study populations are the same or overlapped;” (c) “The methodology is typically identical or nearly so;” (d) “The results and their interpretation generally vary little, if at all.”
Authors should not submit the same research to more than one journal and should not publish the manuscript in different languages. If authors wish to pursue a secondary publication of the manuscript in another language, they should obtain approval from the editor-in-chief of both related journals. The editorial board will determine the nature and degree of duplicate publication or duplicate submission for the manuscript.
Plagiarism means the appropriation of another person’s ideas, research processes, results, or text as one’s own. This includes using previously published material of oneself or any other author without citing the reference. Authors are required to submit original manuscripts, and confirm that they have cited or quoted others’ ideas and texts appropriately and accurately.
5. Process for Managing Publication Malpractice
When reviewers or readers suspect publication malpractice, such as fabrication, falsification, salami slicing, plagiarism, or simultaneous/ duplicate publication, inappropriate changes in authorship, an undisclosed conflict of interest, ethical problems with a submitted manuscript, a reviewer who has appropriated an author’s idea or data, complaints against editors, and so on, the process of resolution will be initiated following the flowchart provided by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE, http://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts). The ethics committee will discuss and adjudicate cases of suspected publication malpractice, as well as complaints and appeals against editors.
III. MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION
1. Online submission
Manuscripts should be submitted electronically via the submission system of this journal (https://submit.jkan.or.kr/submission/Login.html). The first author and corresponding author should be members of the KSNS, with the exception of non-Korean authors.
All correspondence, including notification of the Editor’s decision and requests for revisions, will be processed via this system. For any questions regarding the use of the online submission system, please contact the publication director of the KSNS via phone, fax, or e-mail (Tel: +82-2-567-2590; fax: +82-2564-0249; e-mail: kaneditor@kan.or.kr).
2. Types of Publication
Research Papers: JKAN publishes original research that matches the aims and scope of the journal. These include full papers reporting original research. These are reports of empirical findings from the highest quality basic and clinical research studies within the scope of focus of JKAN. Findings from studies utilizing diverse approaches are relevant, including: qualitative methods; measurement, including development and evaluation of instrumentation; observational, quasiexperimental, and experimental studies; e-science, informationbased studies; mixed-method designs. Research papers should adhere to recognized standards. Analysis by gender is recommended. Instrument development or validation papers are only considered if accompanied by a copy of the full instrument, included as a supplementary file at the submission stage, so it can be published as an appendix online if accepted.
Reviews and Discussion Papers: These include critical presentations of topics of interest and relevance to nursing theory, practice, and education. The body of a review article should be a comprehensive, scholarly, evidence-based review of the literature, accompanied by critical analysis and leading to reasonable conclusions. We publish systematic reviews (addressing focused research questions) and broader literature reviews (such as scoping reviews). We also publish discussion papers, which are scholarly articles of a debating or discursive nature. In all cases, there must be engagement with and critical analysis of a substantive body of research or other scholarship. Systematic reviews should adhere to recognized standards for reporting.
Editorials: These include comments by organizations or individuals on topics of current interest and are by invitation only. Authors with ideas for editorials that address issues of substantive concern to the discipline, particularly those of a controversial nature or linked directly to current/forthcoming content in the journal, should contact the manager in office.
Letters to the Editor: These include responses to previous articles and editorials. Designed to stimulate academic debate and discussion, the Editor invites readers to submit letters that refer to and comment on recent content in the journal, introduce new comment and discussion of clear and direct relevance to the journal's aims and scope, or briefly report data or research findings that may not warrant a full paper.
IV. MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION AND FORMAT
1. General Guidelines
Manuscripts should be written in Korean or English. The manuscripts written in English should be submitted with a certificate of English editing. Manuscripts must be prepared according to the National Library of Medicine (NLM) Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/citingmedicine). If there are any discrepancies between the JKAN guidelines and the NLM Manual, the former should take precedence. The length of manuscript in Korean is 15 pages and English manuscripts are limited to 6,000 words (excluding title page, abstract, references, tables, figures, and any supplemental digital content). All pages should be numbered consecutively.
Authors will be required to complete the Manuscript Checklist during the submission process to assist them in ensuring that the basic requirements of manuscript submission are met, including details of the roles of funding sources and any conflicts of interest. The Manuscript Checklist is designed to be a self-assessment checklist to assist authors in preparing their manuscripts. A completed form must be submitted to show that you have included all the necessary parts in your submission.
2. Research Reporting Guidelines
The journal requires that manuscripts adhere to recognized reporting guidelines relevant to the research design used and requires author(s) to submit a checklist verifying that essential elements have been reported for experimental studies and systematic reviews. Reporting guidelines endorsed by the journal are listed below: http://www.equator-network.org/index.aspx?o=1032
Observational cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies
Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE)
Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE)
Qualitative studies
Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ)
Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR)
Quasi-experimental/ non-randomized trials
Transparent Reporting of Evaluations with Non-randomized Designs (TREND)
Randomized (and quasi randomized) controlled trials
Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT)
Study of Diagnostic accuracy/assessment scale
Standards for the Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (STARD)
Systematic Review and meta-analysis
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA)
Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE)
Quality improvement studies
Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence (SQUIRE)
3. Manuscript Components
The composition of manuscripts should be in the following order: Title Page, Abstract and Keywords, Main Text, References, Tables and Figures, and Appendices. Each section should begin on a new page. The main body of the paper (including the references, tables or figures) should not include any identifying information, such as the authors’ names or affiliations, to ensure a blind review.
Title Page
The following should be included on the title page: (1) the title of the article; (2) a running head; (3) author names and affiliations (department, location, and ORCID); (4) the corresponding author’s name and complete address, including e-mail, phone number, ORCID, and fax number; (5) any acknowledgments, credits, or disclaimers, including funding sources and conflicts of interest (To register on ORCID, visit https://orcid. org), and a data-sharing statement.
Abstract and Keywords
An abstract of up to 250 words should be typed double-spaced on a separate page. It should cover the main factual points, including statements of the purpose, methods, results, and conclusions. The abstract should be accompanied by a list of three to five keywords for indexing purposes; be very specific in your word choice. Use Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) keywords (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html).
Main Text
The main text of articles is usually divided into sections with the following headings: Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions. Articles may need subheadings within certain sections to clarify their content.
Introduction: A brief background, references to the most pertinent papers general enough to inform readers, and the relevant findings of others should be included. It is recommended that the introduction includes a “general and specific background,” “debating issues,” and the “specific purpose of this study.”
Methods: Describes the study design, setting, and samples, measurements/ instruments, data collection/procedure, ethical considerations, and data analysis used. If it is qualitative research, the instrument can be omitted. When you design your biomedical research, considering gender variables is required. If it is not applicable, please state the reason. In the section on ethical considerations, the author should describe that this study protocol was approved by the institutional review board (IRB No. ##-##-###). Please provide the initials of the institution name at the time of submission for peer review.
Results: Describes the main results logically using text, tables, and figures in a concise paragraph. This section should be the most descriptive.
Discussion: Discussion should be based only on the reported results. The data should be interpreted concisely without repeating the materials already presented in the results section. Discussions of advances in nursing practice, nursing knowledge development, and implications for nursing are strongly recommended.
Conclusions: States the conclusions and recommendations for further study. Do not summarize the study results.
References
In-text Citation
Citation of references within the text should follow Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers 2nd edition (2007) (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/citingmedicine). References should be numbered serially in the order of appearance in the text, with numbers in brackets [ ]. When multiple references are cited together, use commas to indicate a series of non-inclusive numbers (e.g., [1], [2,3], [4–6], or [7–9,13]). If a reference is cited more than once, use the original reference number. If there are one or two authors, include the last name of each. If there are three or more authors, include only the last name of the first author followed by “et al.” (e.g., Beck [3], Jo & Kim [7], Cox et al. [11]).
Reference lists
References should be listed on a separate sheet at the end of the paper in the order of citation. Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and correct text citations. The number of references should be 50 or less for a regular article, except for a manuscript on meta-analysis, systematic reviews, or structural equation models, which have no limit on references.
Tables and Figures
Tables and figures should be self-contained and complement the information contained in the text without duplicating it. Tables/figures should be numbered consecutively using Arabic numbers. Each table and figure should be placed on a separate page. There should be no more than five tables and figures in total. In case of more tables or figures, show as supplementary. The title of the table should be placed above the table and the first letters of important words should be capitalized (e.g., Table 1. Overall Responses to Question Types). The title of the figure should be placed below the figure, with the first letter of the figure title capitalized (e.g., Figure 1. Scatter plot for study variables between cancer survivors and their spouses). When there are two or more figures for the same number, an alphabetically sequential letter should be placed after the Arabic number. (e.g., Figure 1-A, Figure 1-B).
Abbreviations should be always defined in a legend at the bottom of a table/figure, even if they have already been defined in the text. Abbreviations should be listed in alphabetical order; do not include the word “and” before the last abbreviation (e.g., HR= Heart rate; T=Temperature). Table footnotes should be indicated with superscript symbols in sequence: †, ††, §, ||, ¶, # , **, †† etc. (e.g., †Fisher’s exact test).
When reporting decimal numbers, the significance level should be rounded off to three decimal places; means, standard deviations, and a test statistic, to two decimal places (e.g., p = .002, 23.98 ± 3.47); percentages and mean age, to one decimal place (e.g., 45.7%, 37.2 years old). Only if the number (such as t or F statistic) can be more than 1, 0 should be placed in front of the decimal point. While in case of statistic cannot exceed 1 such as r or R2, 0 should be omitted in front of the decimal point (e.g., t = 0.26, F = 0.92, r = .14, R2 = .61). When reporting p-values, which refer to significance probability, footnotes should not be used, but the actual p-values should be provided. If a p-value is .000 and 1.000, it should be indicated as p < .001 and p > .999, respectively. If p-values have to be reported using footnotes, *, ** should be used (e.g., * p < .05, ** p < .01).
Appendices
Authors should submit an appendix to show the developed final measurement in the instrument development study and a list of reviewed articles in systematic review or meta-analysis research.
*Supplementary material: Supplementary material can support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the author additional possibilities to publish supporting applications, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips, and more. Please note that such items are published online exactly as they are submitted; there is no typesetting involved (supplementary data supplied as an Excel file or as a PowerPoint slide will appear as such online). Please submit the material together with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file. If you wish to make any changes to supplementary data during any stage of the process, please provide an updated file, and do not annotate any corrections on a previous version. Please also make sure to switch off the “Track Changes” option in any Microsoft Office files, as these will appear in the published supplementary file(s).
4. Registration of a Clinical Trial
A clinical trial is defined as “any research project that prospectively assigns human subjects to intervention and comparison groups to study the cause-and-effect relationship between a medical intervention and a health outcome.” We encourage the prospective registration of studies. Where a study has been registered, please give the number on your title page and include the registration number within the body of the paper as appropriate. The journal accepts the registration in any of the primary registries that participate in the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Portal (http://www.who.int/ictrp/en/), the National Institutes of Health ClinicalTrials.gov (http:// www.clinicaltrials.gov/), the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number Registry (www.ISRCTN.org), or the Clinical Research Information Service, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA) (https://cris.hih.go.kr/cris/index.jsp).
As of July 1, 2018, manuscripts submitted to ICMJE journals that report the results of interventional clinical trials must contain a datasharing statement. Clinical trials that began enrolling participants on or after January 1, 2019, must include a data-sharing plan in the trial’s registration. The ICMJE’s policy regarding trial registration is explained at http://www.icmje.org/about-icmje/faqs/clinical-trialsregistration/.
The journal follows the data-sharing policy described in “Data-sharing Statements for Clinical Trials: A Requirement of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)” (https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2017.32.7.1051) (http://icmje.org/icmje-recommendations.pdf).
If the data-sharing plan changes after registration, this should be reflected in the statement submitted and published with the manuscript and updated in the registry record. Based on the degree of the sharing plan, authors should deposit their data after de-identification and report the digital object identifier, or DOI, of the data and the registered site.
5. Research Data Sharing and Transparency
This journal encourages and enables you to share data that supports your research publication where appropriate, and enables you to interlink the data with your published articles. Research data refers to the results of observations or experimentation that validate research findings. To facilitate reproducibility and data reuse, this journal also encourages you to share your software, code, models, algorithms, protocols, methods, and other useful materials related to the project.
Data generated through participation of subjects and the public should be put to maximum use by the research community and, whenever possible, translated to deliver patient benefit. Data sharing benefits numerous research-related activities: reproducing analyses; testing secondary hypotheses; developing and evaluating novel statistical methods; teaching; aiding design of future trials; meta-analyses; helping to prevent error, fraud, and selective reporting.
To promote more transparent and reproducible research, we ask authors submitting a Data Availability Statement in the manuscript to help authors understand how they can access the data, code and other resources that support the research findings.
The following are examples of data-sharing statements:
• Example1. Data can be obtained from the corresponding author.
• Example2. Data can be obtained from the supplementary material link.
• Example3. (In the case of health care big data) Data can be obtained from _(the name of the)__repository source.
V. EDITORIAL AND PEER-REVIEW PROCESS
1. Submitted Manuscript
All contributions (including solicited articles) are critically reviewed by the editorial board members and/or reviewers. The decision to publish a paper is based on an editorial assessment and peer review.
Prereview: Initially all papers are assessed by an editorial committee consisting of members of the editorial team. The primary purpose is to decide whether to send a paper for peer review and to give a rapid decision on those that are not put forward. Papers that do not meet basic standards or are unlikely to be published irrespective of a positive peer review, for example, because their novel contribution is insufficient or the relevance to the discipline is unclear, may be rejected at this point, in order to avoid delays to authors who may wish to seek publication elsewhere.
Review: Manuscripts going forward to the review process are reviewed by members of an expert panel. All such papers will undergo a double-blind peer review by three reviewers and the Editor. The Editorial Board reserves the right to refuse any material for publication. The Editor-in-Chief reserves the right to the final decision regarding acceptance. Authors will receive reviewer comments. If the manuscript manuscript is subject to being publish, the author will be asked to respond to reviewer comments within two weeks.
2. Revised Manuscript
When you prepare a revised version of your manuscript, you should carefully follow the instructions given in the Editor's letter. Please submit both a clean copy of your manuscript and an annotated copy describing the changes you have made. Failure to do so will cause a delay in the review of your revisions. If references, tables, or figures are moved, added, or deleted during the revision process, renumber them to reflect such changes, so that all tables, references, and figures are cited in numeric order. The annotated copy should have changes highlighted (either by using the “Track Changes” function in MS Word or by highlighting or underlining the text) with notes in the text referring to the editor or reviewer query.
3. Accepted Manuscript
Galley Proof: JKAN provides the corresponding author with galley proofs for their correction. Corresponding authors will receive electronic page proofs to check the copyedited and typeset article before publication. Corrections should be kept to a minimum. The Editor retains the prerogative to question minor stylistic alterations and major alterations that might affect the scientific content of the paper. Any fault found after the publication is the responsibility of the author(s). We urge our authors to proofread their accepted manuscripts carefully. The corresponding author may be contacted by the Editorial Office, depending on the nature of the correction in the proof.
Publication Fee: Authors are asked to pay a fee to allow perpetual unrestricted online access to their published articles for readers globally, immediately upon publication to cover some part of the costs associated with publication, depending on the number of pages of the published article (USD 100$ per page for APC from Jan 1, 2021).
Copyright: All authors of accepted manuscripts must sign a copy of the journal’s “Transfer of Copyright Agreement” form and submit it by fax (+82.2-564-0249) or e-mail (kaneditor@kan.or.kr). Articles are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution- NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public License, which allows readers to disseminate and reuse the article, as well as share and reuse the scientific material. It does not permit the creation of derivative works without specific permission. To view a copy of this license, please visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/.
Reference Examples in Reference List
Journals
A full journal name should be written on the list. If a DOI (Digital Object Identifier) has been assigned to the article that authors are using, authors should include this after the page numbers for the article. References should be listed according to the examples below. For citations from other sources, refer to the NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers 2nd edition (2007) (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/citingmedicine).
Journals with six or fewer authors list all authors
Chen H, Nakatani H, Liu T, Zhao H, Xie D. The core knowledge and skills of nursing competency regarding mealtime assistance for hemiplegic patients in China. Asian Nursing Research. 2020; 14(2): 129-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2020.04.005.
Journals with more than six authors list the first six followed by et al.
Kim JI, Suh EE, Song JE, Im Y, Park JH, Yu S, et al. Development of caring as a human science: 50 years of the Korean society of nursing science. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2020; 50(3): 313-332. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.20142.
Forthcoming journal articles
van Corven C, Bielderman A, Wijnen M, Leontjevas R, Lucassen P, Graff M, et al. Defining empowerment for older people living with dementia from multiple perspectives: A qualitative study. International Journal of Nursing Studies. Forthcoming 2021 Feb 1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103823.
Periodicals or magazines
Rutan C. Creating healthy habits in children. Parish Nurse Newsletter. 2012 May 15:5.6.
Newspaper articles
Cho CU. Stem cell windpipe gives Korean toddler new life. The Korea Herald. 2013 May 2; Sect. 01.
Books
Entire book
DeVellis RF. Scale development: Theory and applications. 4th ed. Thousand Oaks (CA): Sage Publications; 2016. p. 1-280.
Entire book on the internet
Peterson K. Guide to life science careers [Internet]. Cambridge: NPG Education; c2014 [cited 2020 Jul 2]. Available from: https://www.nature.com/scitable/ebooks/guide-to-lifescience-careers-14053951/.
Chapter in an edited book
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. 27th ed. Wayne (PA): CLSI; 2017. p. 32-39.
Book with author(s) and translator(s)
McEwen M, Wills EM. Theoretical basis for nursing. 4th ed. Koh CK. translator. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; c2019. p.20-25.
Scientific and Technical Reports
Kwon JH. A Study on the current status of infertility counseling and the development of infertility counseling delivery system. Sejong: Ministry of Health and Welfare; 2016 Dec. Report No.: 11-1352000-001853-01.
Entire Dissertations and Theses
It’s recommended not to cite dissertation or theses, if it’s necessary it can be cited less than three.
Zhao JJ. Design of a 3D virtual learning environment for acquisition of cultural competence in nursing education: experience of nursing and other health care students, instructors, and instructional designers [dissertation]. Vancouver: University of British Columbia; 2019. p.100-105.
Web
World Health Organization (WHO). Process of translation and adaptation of instruments [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; c2020 [cited 2020 Jun 29]. Available from: http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/research_tools/translation/en/.
