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最全论文引用格式详解!

2024/8/22 17:39:15  阅读:15 发布者:

单一作者

格式应为“(作者姓氏(非首字母),发表年份)”。若作者姓名在文章中已被提及,只需标出年份就好(若需要可加上页数),仍需使用括号。多位作者以上同理。

A recent study found a possible genetic cause of alcoholism (Pauling, 2005). Pauling (2005) discovered a possible genetic cause of alcoholism.

两位作者

作者姓氏必须以他们的名字在其发表文章内的顺序来排序。若两个作者都在括号内引用,名字中间需加上&”符号;若不在括号内则使用“and”。

A recent study found a possible genetic cause of alcoholism (Pauling & Liu, 2005). Pauling and Liu (2005) discovered a possible genetic cause of alcoholism.

35位作者

第一次引用时需列举全部的作者,往后若引用相同的文献,只需举出最主要的作者,再加上et al.”。但是,在参考文献部分,全部作者的姓名皆须列举出来。

A recent study found a possible genetic cause of alcoholism (Pauling, Liu, & Guo, 2005). Pauling, Liu, and Guo (2005) conducted a study that discovered a possible genetic cause of alcoholism. Pauling et al. (2005) discovered a possible genetic cause of alcoholism. A recent study found a possible genetic cause of alcoholism (Pauling et al., 2005).

6位作者以上

举出第一位作者即可,格式应为“(作者 et al.,年份)”。在参考文献部分,全部作者的姓名皆须列举出来。

Pauling et al. (2005) discovered a possible genetic cause of alcoholism.

多篇文献,同一作者

若一作者有多篇你想引用的文献,只需用逗号来区隔作品的发表年份(最早到最晚依序排列)。若多篇文献在同一年内发表,请在年份后面加上abc……等标注。(按:abc的使用需与参考文献部分有所对应,而这些文献的编排以标题名称的字母来决定。)

A recent study found a possible genetic cause of alcoholism (Pauling, 2004, 2005a, 2005b). Pauling (2004, 2005a, 2005b) conducted a study that discovered a possible genetic cause of alcoholism

多篇文献,多位作者

根据上一个的规则,并且使用分号隔开。排序先依照作者姓氏的字母,接着是发表年份。

A recent study found a possible genetic cause of alcoholism (Alford, 1995; Pauling, 2004, 2005; Sirkis, 2003)

直接引述

格式与前述无不同,一样为“(作者,年份,页数)”。

When asked why his behavior had changed so dramatically, Max simply said I think its the reinforcement(Pauling, 2004, p. 69).

参考文献列举(Reference List

在参考文献部分,APA格式规定部分的人名必须以姓(Family name)的字母顺序来排列,包括名(first name)的前缀。

单一作者著作的书籍:

Sheril, R. D. (1956). The terrifying future: Contemplating color television. San Diego: Halstead.

两位作者以上合著的书籍:

Smith, J., & Peter, Q. (1992). Hairball: An intensive peek behind the surface of an enigma. Hamilton, ON: McMaster University Press.

文集中的文章:

Mcdonalds, A. (1993). Practical methods for the apprehension and sustained containment of supernatural entities. In G. L. Yeager (Ed.), Paranormal and occult studies: Case studies in application (pp. 4264). London: OtherWorld Books.

期刊中的文章(连续页码):

Crackton, P. (1987). The Loonie: Gods long-awaited gift to colourful pocket change? Canadian Change, 64(7), 3437.

期刊中的文章(非连续页码):

Rottweiler, F. T., & Beauchemin, J. L. (1987). Detroit and Narnia: Two foes on the brink of destruction. Canadian/American Studies Journal, 54, 66146.

月刊杂志中的文章:

Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in todays schools. Time, 135, 28-31.

报纸中的文章:

Wrong, M. (2005, August 17). Misquotes are Problematasticsays Mayor. Toronto Sol. p. 4.

政府官方文献:

Revenue Canada. (2001). Advanced gouging: Manual for employees (MP 65347/1124). Ottawa: Minister of Immigration and Revenue.

针对电子文献、网站和线上文章,APA格式的网站上有订定一些基本的规则,第一就是提供读者详细的文献内容来源,第二为提供其有效的参考来源。

网络文章的打印版本

Marlowe, P., Spade, S., & Chan, C. (2001). Detective work and the benefits of colour versus black and white [Electronic version].Journal of Pointless Research, 11,123124.

电子期刊的文章(只有网络版的期刊)

Blofeld, E. S. (1994, March 1). Expressing oneself through Persian cats and modern architecture.Felines & Felons, 4,Article 0046g. Retrieved October 3, 1999, from 网页地址

电子短信(newsletter)的文章

Paradise, S., Moriarty, D., Marx, C., Lee, O. B., Hassel, E., et al. (1957, July). Portrayals of fictional characters in reality-based popular writing: Project update.Off the beaten path, 7(3). Retrieved October 3, 1999, from 网页地址

单篇线上文献(无作者及著作日期)

What I did today.(n.d.). Retrieved August 21, 2002, from 网页地址

从大学课程或系上网站取得的文献

Rogers, B. (2078).Faster-than-light travel: What weve learned in the first twenty years.Retrieved August 24, 2079, from Mars University, Institute for Martian Studies Web site: 网页地址

从数据库搜寻的期刊文章的电子复制版本(35位作者)

Costanza, G., Seinfeld, J., Benes, E., Kramer, C., & Peterman, J. (1993). Minutiæ and insignificant observations from the nineteen-nineties.Journal about Nothing, 52,475649. Retrieved October 31, 1999, from NoTHINGJournals database.

电子邮件或其他个人通讯(限定文字)

(A. Monterey, personal communication, September 28, 2001).

储存于光碟的书籍

Nix, G. (2002). Lirael, Daughter of the Clayr [CD]New York: Random House/Listening Library.

储存于录音带的书籍

Nix, G. (2002). Lirael, Daughter of the Clayr [Cassette Recording No. 1999-1999-1999]New York: Random House/Listening Library.

单一作者

格式应为“(作者姓氏(非首字母),发表年份)”。若作者姓名在文章中已被提及,只需标出年份就好(若需要可加上页数),仍需使用括号。多位作者以上同理。

A recent study found a possible genetic cause of alcoholism (Pauling, 2005). Pauling (2005) discovered a possible genetic cause of alcoholism.

两位作者

作者姓氏必须以他们的名字在其发表文章内的顺序来排序。若两个作者都在括号内引用,名字中间需加上&”符号;若不在括号内则使用“and”。

A recent study found a possible genetic cause of alcoholism (Pauling & Liu, 2005). Pauling and Liu (2005) discovered a possible genetic cause of alcoholism.

35位作者

第一次引用时需列举全部的作者,往后若引用相同的文献,只需举出最主要的作者,再加上et al.”。但是,在参考文献部分,全部作者的姓名皆须列举出来。

A recent study found a possible genetic cause of alcoholism (Pauling, Liu, & Guo, 2005). Pauling, Liu, and Guo (2005) conducted a study that discovered a possible genetic cause of alcoholism. Pauling et al. (2005) discovered a possible genetic cause of alcoholism. A recent study found a possible genetic cause of alcoholism (Pauling et al., 2005).

6位作者以上

举出第一位作者即可,格式应为“(作者 et al.,年份)”。在参考文献部分,全部作者的姓名皆须列举出来。

Pauling et al. (2005) discovered a possible genetic cause of alcoholism.

多篇文献,同一作者

若一作者有多篇你想引用的文献,只需用逗号来区隔作品的发表年份(最早到最晚依序排列)。若多篇文献在同一年内发表,请在年份后面加上abc……等标注。(按:abc的使用需与参考文献部分有所对应,而这些文献的编排以标题名称的字母来决定。)

A recent study found a possible genetic cause of alcoholism (Pauling, 2004, 2005a, 2005b). Pauling (2004, 2005a, 2005b) conducted a study that discovered a possible genetic cause of alcoholism

多篇文献,多位作者

根据上一个的规则,并且使用分号隔开。排序先依照作者姓氏的字母,接着是发表年份。

A recent study found a possible genetic cause of alcoholism (Alford, 1995; Pauling, 2004, 2005; Sirkis, 2003)

直接引述

格式与前述无不同,一样为“(作者,年份,页数)”。

When asked why his behavior had changed so dramatically, Max simply said I think its the reinforcement(Pauling, 2004, p. 69).

参考文献列举(Reference List

在参考文献部分,APA格式规定部分的人名必须以姓(Family name)的字母顺序来排列,包括名(first name)的前缀。

单一作者著作的书籍:

Sheril, R. D. (1956). The terrifying future: Contemplating color television. San Diego: Halstead.

两位作者以上合著的书籍:

Smith, J., & Peter, Q. (1992). Hairball: An intensive peek behind the surface of an enigma. Hamilton, ON: McMaster University Press.

文集中的文章:

Mcdonalds, A. (1993). Practical methods for the apprehension and sustained containment of supernatural entities. In G. L. Yeager (Ed.), Paranormal and occult studies: Case studies in application (pp. 4264). London: OtherWorld Books.

期刊中的文章(连续页码):

Crackton, P. (1987). The Loonie: Gods long-awaited gift to colourful pocket change? Canadian Change, 64(7), 3437.

期刊中的文章(非连续页码):

Rottweiler, F. T., & Beauchemin, J. L. (1987). Detroit and Narnia: Two foes on the brink of destruction. Canadian/American Studies Journal, 54, 66146.

月刊杂志中的文章:

Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in todays schools. Time, 135, 28-31.

报纸中的文章:

Wrong, M. (2005, August 17). Misquotes are Problematasticsays Mayor. Toronto Sol. p. 4.

政府官方文献:

Revenue Canada. (2001). Advanced gouging: Manual for employees (MP 65347/1124). Ottawa: Minister of Immigration and Revenue.

针对电子文献、网站和线上文章,APA格式的网站上有订定一些基本的规则,第一就是提供读者详细的文献内容来源,第二为提供其有效的参考来源。

网络文章的打印版本

Marlowe, P., Spade, S., & Chan, C. (2001). Detective work and the benefits of colour versus black and white [Electronic version].Journal of Pointless Research, 11,123124.

电子期刊的文章(只有网络版的期刊)

Blofeld, E. S. (1994, March 1). Expressing oneself through Persian cats and modern architecture.Felines & Felons, 4,Article 0046g. Retrieved October 3, 1999, from 网页地址

电子短信(newsletter)的文章

Paradise, S., Moriarty, D., Marx, C., Lee, O. B., Hassel, E., et al. (1957, July). Portrayals of fictional characters in reality-based popular writing: Project update.Off the beaten path, 7(3). Retrieved October 3, 1999, from 网页地址

单篇线上文献(无作者及著作日期)

What I did today.(n.d.). Retrieved August 21, 2002, from 网页地址

从大学课程或系上网站取得的文献

Rogers, B. (2078).Faster-than-light travel: What weve learned in the first twenty years.Retrieved August 24, 2079, from Mars University, Institute for Martian Studies Web site: 网页地址

从数据库搜寻的期刊文章的电子复制版本(35位作者)

Costanza, G., Seinfeld, J., Benes, E., Kramer, C., & Peterman, J. (1993). Minutiæ and insignificant observations from the nineteen-nineties.Journal about Nothing, 52,475649. Retrieved October 31, 1999, from NoTHINGJournals database.

电子邮件或其他个人通讯(限定文字)

(A. Monterey, personal communication, September 28, 2001).

储存于光碟的书籍

Nix, G. (2002). Lirael, Daughter of the Clayr [CD]New York: Random House/Listening Library.

储存于录音带的书籍

Nix, G. (2002). Lirael, Daughter of the Clayr [Cassette Recording No. 1999-1999-1999]New York: Random House/Listening Library.

另外,论文参考文献列表中的格式也需要和文中引用的格式对应。最重要的一点是确保所有的文献信息都是正确的,否则很容易被认定为学术抄袭。

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