投稿问答最小化  关闭

万维书刊APP下载

作者VS审稿人--“明争暗斗”

2024/4/29 9:37:30  阅读:26 发布者:

Publish or perish(不出版就退稿), 相信每一个做学术的人都听说过。要么发表,要么玩完,不是科研圈里的人恐怕很难体会到个中的酸苦。

所谓与审稿人之间明争暗斗,其实小伙伴们都知道,大多数的时候,都是作者忍气吞声,委屈求全。评审提的意见,不管是鸡蛋里面挑骨头,还是要水井里面捞月亮,都得小心应付,不敢马虎。大到补实验补数据,小到改字句改标点,虽然心不甘情不愿不以为然,还得装孙子对评审千恩万谢。即使有时候被要求强引一些不痛不痒无关紧要的显然是审稿人自己的论文,也尽量一一满足,只求赶紧接受发表,免得节外生枝。没有办法,作者再牛,在审稿人面前,依然是弱势群体。你在明处,人在暗处,你有所求,而人无所虑,此消彼长,胜负立现。

然而事情也并非完全绝对。总有一些审稿人,因为这样那样的原因,会露出一些破绽。太过分的时候,作者就需要毫不留情,痛下杀手,让他/她在编辑面前永不翻身。

1.

痛斥极不靠谱的审稿人

前段时间,投了一个不错的新期刊,看中的是其光明前景,想象将来会有一个好的收成。拒信很快就回来了,让大伙大跌眼镜。我们做的是声子晶体,调控声波传输。评审报告却说文章所做光子晶体调控电磁传输,了无新意。这实在让我们丈二和尚摸不到头脑。有些同事说是不是改投其他杂志算了,但如此岂不是一方面让编辑觉得我们极不靠谱,另一方面也让这个极不靠谱的评审继续祸害他人?所以我主张坚决反击。

我们很快拟好了一份上诉信,贴出来和大家分享:“Dear Editor, we would like to appeal the decision to decline our manuscript, “blah blah blah”, for consideration of publication in “blah blah”. As we understand it, the decision was based on one reviewer’s comments. With all the due respect to the reviewer, he or she completely misunderstood the manuscript. In the reviewer’s comments, it is stated that “the authors show a smart device, which can control the light propogation with photonic.” In fact, we show a smart device that control sound propagation with phononic. It is also stated that “the tuning of the electromagnetic wave becomes possible”, in fact, we are tuning acoustic, not electromagnetic wave. We are astonished that a reviewer can make such obvious mistakes, casting serious doubt on the reviewer’s judgment and work ethic. Given the circumstance, we would like to respectfully request your reconsideration of the decision, and seek a second opinion from a more responsible reviewer.” 可以说,这封上诉信毫不留情地对审稿人进行了还击,痛斥其科学判断力和职业操守。编辑也很快回信了,“Our editors have reviewed your appeal and believe that your paper, indeed, was not given a review by appropriate experts. We apologize and are rescinding our decision.” 编辑道歉了,不管后面的结果如何,和审稿人的这个回合是大获全胜了。

其实,和评审明争也好,暗斗也好,鸡毛蒜皮的事情可以让步,原则性问题绝不能退缩,该争论的时候要争论,该出手时就出手。不过,这个例子太过极端,并不具有代表性。更多的时候,是审稿人阅读不仔细,不能体会论文的细微精妙之处。这种情况,就需要更多的技巧了。另外冤有头债有主,千万记得气别撒编辑身上,虽然这样的事情发生编辑显然也是有责任的。

2.

详解审稿人不能体会的细微精妙

更多的时候,是审稿人阅读不仔细,没能体会论文的细微精妙之处而拒稿。下面要讲的,就是这么一个例子。

要讲清楚这个经历,不能不提一点点专业背景知识。做铁电材料的都知道PZT陶瓷,在业界有着极为广泛的应用。PZT的过人之处,是它具有的准同晶相界,使其铁电压电性能极为优异。而这一行为的微观机理,则是由于准同晶相界处四方相和菱方相共存,大大增加了铁电变体的数量和电畴翻转的自由度。因此,大家在开发新型压电铁电材料的时候,将很大的注意力集中在准同晶相界。然而该相界要求材料内部各种相互作用之间的细微平衡,很难实现,只在极少数材料中存在。

我参与的这个工作,是合作同事主导的,构思巧妙而简单。在铁电材料高温顺电相的时候,通过机械变形,引入孪晶,然后再降温通过居里温度达到铁电相。由于孪晶的存在,事实上大幅度增加了铁电变体数量和电畴翻转的自由度,因而达到和准同晶相界类似的效果。实验证明的确如此,材料自发极化大幅度增高,而矫顽场大幅度降低,与PZT在准同晶相界的行为一致。更为重要是,这个方法可能是普适的,对具体材料体系没有特别的要求。我们将其称为孪晶工程,投给了一个一流的材料杂志。

其实写文章的时候,我们就知道,这个孪晶工程有一定的迷惑性,因为铁电材料一个常用的方法是所谓的电畴工程,即通过各种方式,在铁电相形成不同的电畴结构,以提高其性能。我们的方法当然完全不一样,因为孪晶是在顺电相引入的。可是很多人也将电畴称为孪晶,所以我们也专门画图说明两者之间的差别。然而审稿意见回来,一个接受,一个拒稿。拒稿的评审说,这样的电畴工程,10年前就有很多人做了,这个工作,没有新意。编辑因此拒稿。

稿人显然没有非常仔细的读文章,可是这个误解比较微妙,不像前面那个例子显而易见。怎么办呢,我们还是决定申诉。我拟了一个稿子, 首先开门见山,强调审稿人完全理解错了,‘Dear Editor, We would like to appeal your decision to reject our manuscript for publication in “blah blah”. As we understand, the decision is based on the assessment of the second reviewer, that “this idea has been known for a long time. So the novelty with which the authors claim and the impact is already known.” If that is the case, we would NOT submit the manuscript to “blah blah” in the first place. Indeed, it appears that the second reviewer fundamentally misunderstand our concept.’

随后指出,“Domain engineering is indeed a well-known idea, and has been widely applied. Both blah and blah blah’s works that the reviewer referred to deal with domain engineering in ferroelectric phase, not the twin engineering we proposed,” 然后具体说明前面这些工作是关于电畴的,和我们所提的孪晶没有关系。

最后强调我们工作的新颖之处,“Our concept is fundamentally different from domain engineering. While domain engineering in the sense we discussed above is often referred to as twin engineering, which seems to confuse the second reviewer, our twin engineering specifically refers to deformation twin occurring in paraelectric cubic phase, in the absence of any domain structures. Such idea has never been proposed in literature before, and we show that by this approach, MPB-like behavior can be induced in any ferroelectric systems, and thus the impact will be tremendous.”

将这些讲清楚之后,我也笔锋一转,礼貌地给审稿人留了点余地,“We are sorry that the second reviewer did not seem to appreciate the difference between our twin engineering and the conventional domain engineering, and we will be more than happy to explain it to the reviewer, and articulate the difference more in the manuscript. Given the support from the third reviewer to our manuscript, and the second reviewer’s incorrect assertion regarding novelty and impact of our concept, we respectfully request your reconsideration of your decision, and allow us to submit a revised manuscript and response for the second reviewer to examine.” 邮件发出去之后,编辑也很快回信了,接受申诉。

可以看出,我们这里采取的策略和上一个例子完全不同,重在强调工作本身的新颖性,解释清楚其细微精妙之处,而避免批评审稿人,给他/她留有余地。大多数的时候,大家碰到的都是这样的情况,评审意见似是而非,有其迷惑性,而编辑又不可能仔细阅读论文。这就需要我们冷静地、而且相对简洁地把事情讲清楚。我也希望这个例子,能给大家今后的申诉,提供一点点借鉴。

文章千古事,无论是发文章还是审稿,记录都是永恒的,是一个靶子立在那里,给人不断检验。

转自论文发表评职称评审专著教材专利微信公众号,仅作学习交流,如有侵权,请联系本站删除!


  • 万维QQ投稿交流群    招募志愿者

    版权所有 Copyright@2009-2015豫ICP证合字09037080号

     纯自助论文投稿平台    E-mail:eshukan@163.com