写作SCI论文，从模仿开始。我们今天就来一起分享一下多伦多大学（University of Toronto）给我们的写作建议。
关于结论的一些一般性建议
1. 结论不仅仅是对你的观点的总结，也不仅仅是对你的论文的重新陈述。如果你想总结--通常你必须这样做，用新的语言。提醒读者你所提供的证据是如何对你的论题做出贡献的。
2. 结论，就像论文的大部分内容一样，涉及到批判性思维。思考你所写的东西的意义。试着表达一些关于你的论点的更大意义的总结性想法。
3. 在文章的结尾处将你的重点扩大一些。一个好的最后一句话会给你的读者留下一些思考的东西，一个在某种程度上被你在论文中所写的东西照亮的概念。
4. 对于大多数文章来说，一个发展良好的段落就足以作为结论。在某些情况下，一个两到三段的结论可能是合适的。与引言一样，结论的长度应反映文章的长度。
我怎样才能写出一个有趣的、有效的结论？
以下策略可以帮助你超越仅仅总结文章的关键点。
1. 如果你的文章涉及到一个当代的问题，警告读者不注意这个问题可能带来的后果。
2. 推荐一个具体的行动方案。
3. 使用恰当的引文或专家意见，为你得出的结论赋予权威性。
4. 给出一个惊人的统计数字、事实或视觉图像，使你论文的最终观点深入人心。
5. 如果你的学科鼓励个人思考，就用你自己生活经历中的相关叙述来说明你的结论。
6. 回到你在引言中介绍的一个轶事、例子或引文，但要在文章的主体中加入进一步的见解。
7. 在一篇科学或社会科学论文中，要提到未来对你的主题进行研究的有价值的途径。
体裁如何影响我的介绍或结论？
本手册中的大部分建议都与论证性或探索性学术论文有关。然而，请注意，不同的体裁对开头和结尾有自己的特殊期望。有些学术体裁甚至可能不需要导言或结论。例如，一份带注释的书目，通常不需要。一篇书评可能以该书的摘要开始，最后以对该书的总体评价结束。政策简报通常包括一个导言，但可能以一系列建议结束。仔细检查你的任务，看是否有关于在你的介绍或结论中包括什么的指示。
以下是原文（https://advice.writing.utoronto.ca/planning/intros-and-conclusions/）：
Some general advice about conclusions
A conclusion is not merely a summary of your points or a re-statement of your thesis. If you wish to summarize—and often you must—do so in fresh language. Remind the reader of how the evidence you’ve presented has contributed to your thesis.
The conclusion, like much of the rest of the paper, involves critical thinking. Reflect upon the significance of what you’ve written. Try to convey some closing thoughts about the larger implications of your argument.
Broaden your focus a bit at the end of the essay. A good last sentence leaves your reader with something to think about, a concept in some way illuminated by what you’ve written in the paper.
For most essays, one well-developed paragraph is sufficient for a conclusion. In some cases, a two-or-three paragraph conclusion may be appropriate. As with introductions, the length of the conclusion should reflect the length of the essay.
How do I write an interesting, effective conclusion?
The following strategies may help you move beyond merelysummarizing the key points of your essay:
If your essay deals with a contemporary problem, warn readers of the possible consequences of not attending to the problem.
Recommend a specific course of action.
Use an apt quotation or expert opinion to lend authority to the conclusion you have reached.
Give a startling statistic, fact, or visual image to drive home the ultimate point of your paper.
If your discipline encourages personal reflection, illustrate your concluding point with a relevant narrative drawn from your own life experiences.
Return to an anecdote, example, or quotation that you introduced in your introduction, but add further insight that derives from the body of your essay.
In a science or social science paper, mention worthwhile avenues for future research on your topic.
How does genre affect my introduction or conclusion?
Most of the advice in this handout pertains to argumentative orexploratory academic essays. Be aware, however, that different genres havetheir own special expectations about beginnings and endings. Some academicgenres may not even require an introduction or conclusion. An annotatedbibliography, for example, typically provides neither. A book review may beginwith a summary of the book and conclude with an overall assessment of it. Apolicy briefing usually includes an introduction but may conclude with a seriesof recommendations. Check your assignment carefully for any directions aboutwhat to include in your introduction or conclusion.
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