SCI论文作为科技文，其最大的目的就是将明确的研究成果信息传递给读者，更注重实用性。因而，区别于文学性写作语言特征，不需要追求华丽的辞藻和修辞。那种从句套从句，倒装又虚拟的“高级手法”往往会造成含义的混乱，从而影响科学成果的准确表达。
那么在日常的写作中我们该如何遣词造句呢？我们特意整理了一部分词语选择技巧和SCI常用句型，以供使用。
遣词：词汇的选择技巧
词汇的正确选择首先要求作者在写作与翻译过程中对自己所要表达的概念十分清楚，以及对原文的词义理解足够透彻。而由于英语词语在其语言历史发展过程中不断丰富扩大，形成了丰富多彩的语义层次和错综复杂的语义关系,这对语言的使用者提出了较高的要求，尤其是对把英语作为第二语言来使用的作者。
选词要具体化
在英语中有不少词由于频繁地被用来表达某一种意义，使读者逐渐忽略了它们本来的意义。这就造成，哪怕一个词被正确使用，但由于读者已习惯了这词所表达的某一特定意思，也会误读。所以为了实现论文语言的清晰明了、避免含糊，作者要尽量选用有明确意义的词汇。
论题
在非科技论文中往往大量使用同义词 ,使论文不致因同一词反复出现而显得枯燥。但在科技论文中要谨慎使用 ,因为科技论文术语与非术语往往都含有特定的意义不能任意更换。
注意词类的转换
由于中西方思维模式的差异造成了汉语与英语表达习惯上有很大的不同。在两种语言的转换过程中 ,如果把汉语句子的选词 ,造句等方式照搬过去 ,就难以被国外同行理解。为了确切表达作者的思想 ,反映原文的内容 ,就必须改变中文的语言形式 ,尤其是很多时候要进行词类的转换 ,决不可生硬直译。
SCI常用词汇表
用来表示前后转折的连接词汇
and yet；at the same time；but；for all that；however；yet；in fact；in contrast；in the real life；in spite of；nevertheless；notwithstanding；normally；on the contrary；on the other hand；still；traditionally；rather；unfortunately；…
用来表示前后时间关系的连接词汇
after a short time；afterwards；as indicated earlier；as long as；as soon as；at last；at length；at the moment；at that time；at the same time；before；earlier；currently；immediately；in the meantime；in recent years；lately；later；meanwhile；often；of late；presently；recently；soon；shortly；since；thereupon；temporarily；therefore；until；when；while；…
用来表示前后举例关系的常用连接词汇
for example；for instance；incidentally；indeed；in fact；in other words；in particular；in practice；specifically；that is；to illustrate；in this respect；theoretically；as mentioned before / above；…
用来表示总结关系的连接词汇
in brief；in conclusion；in short；in summary；on the whole；to conclude；in general；to summarize；to sum up；as a result；ultimately；…
造句：常用SCI常用句型
Beginning
In this paper, we focus on the need for…
This paper proceeds as follow.
The structure of the paper is as follows.
In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts…
To begin with we will provide a brief background on the…
Introduction
This will be followed by a description of the fuzzy nature of the problem and a detailed presentation of how the required membership functions are defined.
Details on xx and xx are discussed in later sections.
In the next section, after a statement of the basic problem,various situations involving possibility knowledge are investigated: first, an entirely possibility model is proposed; then the cases of a fuzzy service time with stochastic arrivals and non-fuzzy service rule is studied; lastly, fuzzy service rule are considered.
Review
This review is followed by an introduction.
A brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in xxx and xxx is presented in Section
In the next section, a brief review of the is given.
In the next section, a short review of is given with special regard to ...
Section 2 reviews relevant research related to xx.
Body
Section 1 defines the notion of robustness, and argues for its
Section 1 devoted to the basic aspects of the FLC decision-making logic.
Section 2 gives the background of the problem which includes xxx
Section 2 discusses some problems with and approaches to, natural language understanding.
Section 3 discusses the aspects of fuzzy set theory that are used in the ...
Summary
This paper concludes with a discussion of future research consideration in section 5.
Section 5 summarizes the results of this investigation.
Section 5 gives the conclusions and future directions of research.
Section 7 provides a summary and a discussion of some extensions of the paper.
Finally, conclusions and future work are summarized
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