suspect和doubt对应的中文都是“怀疑”,但如果使用不当会出现截然相反的意思。
我们先看一下suspect和doubt的英文解释:
Suspect is to imagine or suppose (something) to be true, or to exist, without proof.
Doubt is to lack confidence in; to disbelieve or question.
也就是说,同样都是“怀疑”,它们的意思却完全不同。
suspect的宾语是你相信的(what you believe/think),而doubt的宾语是你不相信的(what you disbelieve/don't think)。
比如,以下两句话的意思是一样的:
Everybody believes him, but I suspect he is lying.
= I think he is lying.
我怀疑他在说谎。
Everybody believes him, but I doubt he is telling the truth.
= I don't think he is telling the truth.
我怀疑他没有说实话。
以下两句话的意思是相反的:
The symptoms may lead the physician to suspect (believe) the presence of appendicitis.
医生觉得病人的症状像是阑尾炎。
The symptoms may lead the physician to doubt (disbelieve) the presence of appendicitis.
医生觉得病人的症状不像是阑尾炎。
在特殊情况下,suspect和doubt可以达到相同的表达效果,比如:
I'm innocent! You can't suspect me!
I'm innocent! You can't doubt me!
以上两句话的意思是一样的,但这并不说明suspect me和doubt me意思相同;上句中的suspect me相当于believe my guilt,而下句中的doubt me相当于disbelieve my innocence.
suspect在医学论文里很常见,以下是几个关于疑似病例的表达:
patients suspected of (having) appendicitis
patients with suspected appendicitis
patients with a suspected diagnosis of appendicitis
cases of suspected appendicitis
suspected cases of appendicitis
另外,doubt和suspect也可以作名词。
doubt作名词时和动词意思一样,相当于uncertainty、disbelief,比如:
A recently published article casts doubt on the common assumption.
It raises further doubt as to the importance of its role in human hypertension.
suspect作名词时和动词意思不一样,通常表示嫌疑犯:a person who is suspected of something, in particular of committing a crime.
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