Author Guidelines
Veterinary Surgery–Instructions for Authors
1. Conditions of Publication
Veterinary Surgery, the official publication of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons, the European College of Veterinary Surgeons, and the Veterinary Endoscopy Society, invites submission of clinical and research topics that contribute new knowledge to, and impact the broad field of, veterinary surgery. Reports of interest include, but are not limited to, pathogenesis, pathophysiology, diagnosis, surgical management, complications, and prognosis of surgical diseases in animals. Manuscripts dealing with analgesia and anesthesia of the surgical patient, minimally invasive management (including interventional radiology) of surgical diseases, veterinary surgical education, and surgical history are also within the scope of the journal.
To improve evidence-based surgery, manuscripts that report meta-analysis of diseases treated by surgery, prospective and randomized clinical trials of surgical disorders, and prospective case series that include a control population will be given priority for publication. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT: http://www.consort-statement.org/home) guidelines should be followed for clinical trials, and trials involving livestock species should follow the REFLECT guidelines (J Vet Intern Med 2010:24[1]). The follow-up for clinical studies focusing on outcomes should be long enough to support the conclusions of the study. This is especially relevant to studies on long-term outcomes where the duration of follow-up will vary between conditions, surgical techniques, and types of outcomes reported.
Veterinary Surgery welcomes submission of relevant review articles for inclusion in special issues, focusing on specific topics and published online. Authors interested in submitting a review article are invited to contact the editor-in-chief to verify the interest of the Journal in the topic proposed. Review articles should be aimed at updating clinicians with new perspectives on the field based on a critical appraisal of recent and relevant literature.
Veterinary Surgery welcomes the submission of articles relevant to minimally invasive surgery in all animal species. These articles may be submitted for inclusion in regular issues of the journal. Alternatively, authors are welcome to request inclusion in our annual special issue on Minimally Invasive Surgery, published online (only) with temporary free online access.
In general, case reports describing observations in a single or a few animals (short case series) will not be considered unless the report makes a substantial contribution to veterinary surgical knowledge and is not merely additive to the existing literature. Authors of case reports that do not meet these requirements are encouraged to submit to Wiley’s open access journal Clinical Case Reports.
A Letter to the Editor should reference the article being discussed and concisely explain the intent and relevance of the letter. The Letter to the Editor should not exceed 500 words and 4 references. The author of the referenced article will be invited to respond if the Letter to the Editor is accepted for publication.
A Reply should be submitted as an invited response to the Letter to the Editor. The Reply should not exceed 500 words and 4 references. The Reply to the Letter to the Editor will be published alongside the Letter to the Editor if accepted for publication.
2. Publication Ethics, Authorship, and Plagiarism
Authorship – Veterinary Surgery uses the guidelines of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (www.icmje.org) for authorship. Respective roles of co-authors must be described under “Acknowledgements” (see below). The editorial staff is not responsible for resolving disputes between authors or potential authors of manuscripts submitted or accepted for publication.
Plagiarism and self-plagiarism – Manuscripts submitted to Veterinary Surgery are screened electronically for plagiarism. Veterinary Surgery is a member of CrossCheck, a service offered by CrossRef and powered by iThenticate software. iThenticate is a plagiarism screening service that verifies the originality of content submitted before publication. iThenticate checks submissions against millions of published research papers, and billions of web content. Manuscripts are accepted for consideration on the understanding that they are for publication solely in Veterinary Surgery and that they have been neither published nor are under consideration for publication elsewhere. If the study has been previously published as an abstract (≤250 words in the proceedings of a scientific meeting are excepted) or in any other format, a copy must be submitted. Authors should not include entire paragraphs from their previous publications into a new submission. For example, sections related to the significance of a condition or background knowledge about the topic should be unique to each publication.
Fragmentary publication and companion articles – Veterinary Surgery is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) (http://publicationethics.org) and follows the algorithms proposed by COPE when evaluating overlaps between manuscripts derived from the same study. Fragmented reporting (or “salami publication”) of clinical or experimental studies is usually characterized by similarity of hypothesis, overlap in methodology, results and/or sample population, with or without similarity in text. In comparison, a “companion article” reports a related study by the same authors, but tests a distinct hypothesis with limited overlap in terms of population, analyses, and results. Fragmentary publications affect the impact of each article and may preclude further consideration for publication.
Authors must clearly state as part of the submission process, and in their cover letter, when reporting of the study has been fragmented, or when several manuscripts have been derived from the same study. When this is the case, they should strongly justify the fragmentation and disclose the full extent of the study in the Methods section. A copy of unpublished companion articles should be provided as supplemental files at the time of submission. In addition, if a companion report or related study by the authors is referenced in the manuscript and has been accepted for publication but is not yet published, a copy must be submitted for use during manuscript review.
3. Studies involving animals and/or human participants:
Animal Use (including cadavers): A statement of institutional animal use and care (IACUC) approval is required for experimental studies involving the use of live animals. Authors should specify the name of the institution providing IACUC approval. For prospective clinical studies, informed consent from owners for study inclusion is required. For ex vivo studies, authors should disclose the origin of cadavers, even when euthanasia was unrelated to the study. If cadavers were obtained from other experimental studies, IACUC approval of these studies should be disclosed. If cadavers of client-owned dogs were obtained, the method of owner consent for inclusion in the study, or for donation, must be disclosed. Retrospective studies of clinical cases generally do not require IACUC approval. Authors are discouraged from submitting retrospective studies on new techniques or treatments that have no previous validation and are instead encouraged to consider prior experimental or prospective clinical studies. For clinical studies, inclusion and exclusion criteria must be included. Authors are encouraged to justify sample size, preferably through power analysis in the data analysis section (for guidelines see here).
Authors are required to certify that the study submitted was conducted in a manner consistent with the U.S. National Institutes of Health “Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals” (https://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals.pdf), the Animal Welfare Acts (US PL 89-544;91-579;94-279), and the Guide for the Care and Use of Agricultural Animals in Agricultural Research and Teaching (https://www.asas.org/docs/default-source/default-document-library/ag_guide_3rded.pdf?sfvrsn=4), including appropriate methods of euthanasia (following American Veterinary Medical Association Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/avma-policies/avma-guidelines-euthanasia-animals).
Regulations governing experimental animal use in some countries are more stringent than those in the US; when this is the case, authors from those countries are cautioned to ensure that their studies meet the requirements of the country in which the study was conducted. For all other countries, the minimum standard for publication in Veterinary Surgery is compliance with US regulations. Inappropriate experimental use of animals or inadequate anesthesia and analgesia, including postoperative analgesia, will preclude further consideration.
Research involving human participants:
A statement of Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval is required for all studies involving human participants, including those involving surveys or scores of students. Studies involving human participants will be published only when conducted in full compliance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki (https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/). Per guidelines of the American Medical Association, manuscripts should not refer to humans as “subjects” but rather as “participants” or “patients.”
4. Manuscript Preparation
a. General Instructions, format and style considerations
Two copies of the manuscript in Microsoft Word format are required: one complete version with a title page and one blinded manuscript (redacted) without a title page or any identifying information (eg, authors’ names, initials, or institutions) within the body of the manuscript, and electronic copies of any illustrations.
Manuscript Format – Manuscripts must be prepared in Microsoft Word (Times New Roman 12 point), line numbered, double spaced, and in English (American spelling); on letter (8.5- × 11-in) not A4 paper, with default margins (1-in top and bottom, 1.25-in left and right), and with sections organized sequentially; and the entire manuscript must meet the word count limit for the corresponding type of submission. Each manuscript component should begin on a new page. Components of a manuscript are described under specific instructions for each type of submission.
Title Page – must include:
The article title; should be brief and identify the scope of work. Do not include a sentence.
Author names [full first name, middle initial, last name] and credentials;
Institutional affiliation (city, spelled out state name if US [e.g., Knoxville, Tennessee] or city, country if not US [e.g., Copenhagen, Denmark] but not mailing address). Author affiliations should also be denoted with a superscript Arabic numeral placed after each author’s last name before degrees that corresponds to the institutional affiliations listed. (Veterinary Surgery does not publish current addresses or affiliations of authors if different from those at the time the work was performed, except for the corresponding author.)
Separate paragraphs should specify:
Any grant or other financial support;
Any financial or other conflict of interest of any author related to a company or product used in the report must be declared in the disclosure statement;
The meeting, if any, at which the results of the report were presented including location and dates;
The name, mailing address, and e-mail address of the corresponding author.
Any financial or other conflict of interest of any author related to a company or product used in the report must be declared in the Disclosure Statement.
Acknowledgments – List the last name, initials and credentials (e.g., Smith R., DVM, PhD) along with a brief description of the contribution.
The role of each co-author should be briefly described in this section. Authors are encouraged to review the guidelines of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/defining-the-role-of-authors-and-contributors.html) to verify that the level of contribution justifies co-authorship.
The ICMJE definition of authorship indicates that authorship be based on the following four criteria:
Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND
Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND
Final approval of the version to be published; AND
Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
In addition to being accountable for the parts of the work he or she has done, an author should be able to identify which co-authors are responsible for specific other parts of the work. In addition, authors should have confidence in the integrity of the contributions of their co-authors.
All those designated as authors should meet all four criteria for authorship, and all who meet the four criteria should be identified as authors. Those who do not meet all four criteria should be acknowledged but not listed as co-authors. These authorship criteria are intended to reserve the status of authorship for those who deserve credit and can take responsibility for the work. The criteria are not intended for use as a means to disqualify colleagues from authorship who otherwise meet authorship criteria by denying them the opportunity to meet criterion #s 2 or 3. Therefore, all individuals who meet the first criterion should have the opportunity to participate in the review, drafting, and final approval of the manuscript.
The contribution of co-authors should be included in the blinded and complete versions of the manuscript. However, authors should eliminate identifying information in the blinded manuscript (Replace names by author 1, 2… and XXX for other contributors).
Disclosure – If there are no known conflicts, the declaration should state: “The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this report.” Otherwise, authors should disclose interests that might appear to affect their ability to present work objectively. The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors definition of conflicts of interest is as follows:
"A conflict of interest exists when professional judgment concerning a primary interest (such as patients' welfare or the validity of research) may be influenced by a secondary interest (such as financial gain). Perceptions of conflict of interest are as important as actual conflicts of interest."
Conflicts of interest may therefore include relevant financial interests (e.g., patent ownership, stock ownership, consultancies, or speaker's fees), or personal interests. For example, if the study evaluates a commercial product; new medical or surgical device or implant; or candidate pharmaceutical product, patent ownership, financial or other interests of any author to that product or to a competitor product or company must be disclosed. Review articles, commentaries or letters that concern devices of products in which the authors have a financial or other interest, or have such interest in a competitor product or company, are required to disclose those relationships or conflicts of interest.
Publication of a report using or evaluating a commercial or candidate product or device does not convey or imply endorsement by Veterinary Surgery, the American College of Veterinary Surgeons, or the European College of Veterinary Surgeons.
References – Number references sequentially as they are cited in the text (or tables and legends; sequence must be continuous at the place of the first mention of a table or figure [see AMA Manual of Style 3.6]), using superscripted Arabic numerals. Superscripts must be placed after commas or periods and before semicolons or colons (e.g., “in pigs,11 ruminants,15 and horses16-18; however, not in dogs3-5, 10 or cats.19”). References must be verified by the author(s) against the original documents. The correct format for journal citations is: year; volume number: first page-last page. See below for examples. After manuscript acceptance for publication, any field formatting or automatic numbering inserted by reference managing software programs must be removed before typesetting. Reference listings should follow American Medical Association (AMA) Manual of Style, 10th edition.
Journal article – in print – one author
Physician SJ. Heal thyself – but not on your own please. Med Educ. 2005;89:548-549.
Journal article – in print – 2-6 authors
Salwachter AR, Freischlag JA, Sawyer RG, Sanfey HA. The training needs and priorities of male and female surgeons and their trainees. J Am Coll Surg. 2005;201:199-205.
Journal article – in print – 7 or more authors
Berrios-Torres SI, Umschmeid CA, Bratzler DW, et al. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guideline for the prevention of surgical site infection, 2017. JAMA Surg. 2017;152:784-791.
Journal article – online *if there is no DOI, provide the URL for the specific article
Coppinger T, Jeanes YM, Hardwick J, Reeves S. Body mass, frequency of eating and breakfast consumption in 9–13-year-olds. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2012;25(1):43-49. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2011.01184.x
Figures – Each figure should have a title. Legends should be typed double spaced, with Arabic numerals that correspond to the sequential use of the figures in the text. Explain clearly any symbols, arrows, numbers, or letters used. Abbreviations used in figures must be defined in each and every figure legend individually even when they have been expanded in the article text. For photomicrographs, identify method of staining, include a scale bar, and indicate magnification. Figures (photographs, radiographs, graphs, microscopic images) must be submitted in JPEG, TIFF, or EPS format. Graphics software (e.g., Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator), not presentation software (e.g., Microsoft PowerPoint, CorelDraw, Harvard Graphics), should be used to create the art. Images should be of sufficient resolution for production at the time of submission. Manuscripts submitted with images of insufficient resolution will not be reviewed until adequate images have been submitted.
Minimum image resolution: line art, 600dpi; images, such as photographs, 300dpi.
Minimum image size:
small figures (less than ¼ of a page): 80 mm canvas size; or pixel dimensions (width) 1800px minimum
large figures (images that will as ½ page or larger): 180 mm canvas size; or pixel dimensions (width) 1800px minimum
Do not embed the figure number within the image, and do not embed images in the Word document. Illustrations will be reproduced free of charge. Line and wash drawings should be professionally executed and photographed, with lettering large enough to be easily read after necessary reduction.
Tables – Each table must be prepared using the Table tool in Microsoft Word (do not embed images of tables) on a separate page at the end of the Word document and be numbered consecutively in order of citation in the text. Each table should have a title. Table captions should as brief as possible and be placed above, not within, the table and must be complete so that the table can be understood without reference to the text. Large tables are discouraged; data should be summarized and included in the results section when possible. Give each column a short or abbreviated heading. Put explanatory matter in footnotes (with superscripted lowercase letter callouts) below the table, not in the heading. Footnotes are listed at the bottom of table, each on its own line, with the superscripted lowercase letter callout placed before each footnote. Abbreviations are expanded in alphabetical order (abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.). All abbreviations used in tables must be defined in each and every table footnote individually, even when they have been expanded in the article text.
For a very helpful summary of table formatting requirements, please review AMA Manual of Style Chapter 4. This chapter contains many helpful examples. Please especially take note of 4.1.3 Table Components, with particular attention to the sections Column Headings and Table Stubs (Row Headings).
Supplementary Materials – Video clips (endoscopy, ultrasonography, gait studies, etc.) can be published online and should be identified sequentially in the text. Large tables or data sets can also be provided online as supplementary materials but will not be proofed or typeset. Wiley Publishing is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supplementary materials supplied by the author. Any queries (other than missing material) will be directed to the corresponding author for the article. The format for referencing supplementary material in a manuscript is:
The following supplemental material is available for this article online:
Video Clip S1. CT contrast arthrography of the PIP joint
This material is available as part of the online article from: (an electronic link will be added after preparation of galley proofs)
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