大修VS小修
在SCI期刊的投稿过程中，得到最多的回复是“大修”（Major Revision）或者“小修”（Minor Revision），这是论文审稿过程中的两个不同阶段，最开始接触科研的同学可能不太了解二者的区别。
大修
Peakcollege
当一篇论文被评估为需要“大修”时，意味着审稿人认为论文在某些方面存在较大问题，但这些问题并不是无法解决的。
大修可能包括对研究方法进行重大调整或补充，对结果和分析进行重大修改，对文献综述和讨论进行重组和重写，以及对实验设计或数据采集进行重大修改。
大修后的文章通常还需要再次提交给审稿人进行审查，以确定问题是否得到了解决并且没有新的修改意见。
你或许会收到这样的意见：
“The Subject Editor has determined that your manuscript requires major revisions. ”
“The manuscript shows a lot of promise, but some major issues need to be addressed before it can be published. ”
小修
Peakcollege
与大修相对应，小修（Minor Revision）通常意味着论文在整体上是可以被接受的，但仍需要进行一些局部的修改。这些修改可能包括数据的补充、参考文献的更新、图表的调整、一些句子或段落的清晰度提升以及语言润色等。小修后的文章通常不需要再次经过同行评审，而是由编辑直接审核。
你或许会收到这样的意见：
“This is a well-written manuscript that only needs to undergo a few minor changes. First, …”
“The manuscript is based on impressive empirical evidence and makes an original contribution. Only minor revisions are needed before it can be published.”
“I thoroughly enjoyed reviewing this manuscript and only have some minor requests for revision.”
返修回复的具体结构
part 1
标题通常使用“Response to Reviewers”或“Reply to Reviewers”作为标题。
part 2
称呼尊敬的编辑和审稿人，【Dear Editor and Reviewers,】
part 3
引言感谢编辑和审稿人对稿件的审阅以及提出的宝贵意见。这表明你对审稿人工作的尊重，并表明你已经认真考虑了他们的意见。
part 4
审稿意见的逐点回复对于审稿人提出的每一条意见，都应该有针对性地回复。
回复应该包括以下几个部分：
回复的格式：通常按照审稿人编号和意见顺序来组织回复，例如“Reviewer #1, Point #1”。
审稿意见的引用：清晰地引用或总结审稿人的具体意见。
具体的修改说明：详细说明针对审稿人的意见所做的修改，包括修改的内容、位置（如页码和行号）以及修改的理由。
附加材料：如果有必要，可以提及新增的图表、数据或文献，并说明它们如何回应审稿人的意见。
part 5
总结在回复的最后，简要总结所做的修改，并重申对审稿人和编辑的感谢。
结尾使用礼貌的结束语，例如“Sincerely”或“Best regards”，然后署上你和通讯作者的名字、职位和联系信息。
模板参考
01
引言
开头回应模板开头第一点，最好先感谢编辑处理你稿件付出的时间和给予你返修的机会，论文最终是否被接受，主要还是编辑在考虑了每位审稿人的意见之后给出的【Firstly, we are very grateful to the Editor and Reviewers for giving us such a valuable opportunityto revise our manuscript!】。然后再感谢每位审稿人给提出的意见和建议以及你的修改内容标注方式。
参考示例：
1. Dear Editor and Reviewers,First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude for the thorough review and insightful comments provided on our manuscript titled "[Article Title]". Those comments are all valuable and very helpful for revising and improving our paper, as well as the important guiding significance to our researches. We have carefully considered each point raised and have made the following revisions to our manuscript. (首先，我要对我们题为“[文章标题]”的手稿的详尽审查和有见地的评论表示衷心的感谢。这些评论都很有价值，对修改和改进我们的论文非常有帮助，对我们的研究具有重要的指导意义。我们仔细考虑了提出的每一点，并对我们的手稿进行了以下修改。)
2.Dear Editor and Reviewers,We are very grateful for your and the reviewers' critical comments and thoughtful suggestions on our manuscript entitled "[Article Title]". Based on these comments and suggestions, we have made careful modification on the original manuscrit. All changes made to the text are in red in the revisedmanuscript so that they may be easily identified. Some of your questions were answered below.Once again, we acknowledge your comments and constructive suagestions very much, which are valuable in improving the qualitof our manuscript. Here are our responses to the reviewers comments one-by-one. (我们非常感谢您和审稿人对我们题为“[文章标题]”手稿的重要评论和深思熟虑的建议。根据这些意见和建议，我们对原稿进行了细致的修改。在修订后的手稿中，对文本所做的所有更改都显示为红色，以便于识别。您的一些问题在下面得到了解答。我们再次非常感谢您的意见和建设性建议，这对提高我们稿件的质量很有价值。以下是我们对审稿人评论的逐一回复。)
3. Dear Editor and Reviewers,Thank you very much for your comments regarding our manuscript entitled [Article Title]. We are truly grateful to your critical comments and thoughtful suggestions on how to improve our manuscript. The valuable comments and criticisms have provided important guidance for our research and the revision of our manuscript. Based on these comments and suggestions, we have made appropriate modifications on the original manuscript, then we hope to meet your approval. In the revised version, the revised parts are highlighted in red, and the revisions themselves are addressed point-by-point in the subsequent text. (非常感谢您对我们的[文章标题]稿件的评论。我们真诚地感谢各位批评家对如何改进我们的稿件提出的批评意见和建议。这些有价值的评论和批评，为我们的研究和手稿的修订提供了重要的指导。基于这些意见和建议，我们对原稿进行了适当的修改，希望得到大家的认可。在修订版本中，修订部分用红色凸显，修订内容本身在后续文本中逐点阐述。)
02
对审稿意见逐一回复
审稿意见逐点回复可能有时候会觉得有些意见是审稿人没有好好读文章提出来的“无理取闹问题”，但是也要认真对待和解释审稿人的负面意见，先表示认同他的意见，让他感觉我们是认真考虑过这个意见，并且我们也尊重他的意见。之后，再阐述自己的理由和说明，以及结合上下文解释文章这里这样描述的原因。
可能会出现以下几类审稿意见：
1、审稿人建议补充实验，但由于种种原因暂时无法达到该要求：
回复公式：认同审稿人建议+阐述无法补充的原因+表明现有的数据已经足以说明问题+承诺未来一定研究。
例：The authors concur with the reviewer that additional studies, data, or further experimental results would be beneficial.They understand this point. However, due to limitations such as laboratory conditions, the tight deadline of the revision, or the lack of appropriate experimental tools, it is impractical to conduct the related experiments at...
2、审稿人因误解而产生的评论
回复公式：表达歉意+解释你原本想表达的意思+说明已做修改+指引到正文具体位置例：The authors apologize for causing confusion to the reviewer. In the original manuscript, the discussion regarding [specific topic] indicates [original point].To offer a more explicit understanding, in the revised manuscript, the corresponding text has been reorganized/updated/modified. It can be located on page x, line x, within Section X.
3、审稿人指出的明显错误
为自己的错误表示抱歉，并且已经相应进行了修改，态度一定要诚恳！
回复公式：承认错误表达歉意+说明已做修改+指引正文修改位置
例:The authors are sorry for our careless mistakes. As suggested by the reviewer, has been corrected in the revised manuscript, as seen in page x/line x/Section X.
4、审稿人要求增加文献
回复公式：赞同审稿人的意见+肯定相关文献对文章的帮助+说明已引用并给出引用编号和具体位置
例: The authors totally agree with the reviewer that the Ref gave an original explanation of_, In the revised manuscript, they have been added as the references as seen in page x/line x/Section x, meanwhile the other related references have also been referred. As suggested by the reviewer, the authors have researched and added more literatures to support the_ and they are referred as and in the revised manuscript,as seen in page x/line x/Section x.
5、审稿人没理解透你的意思，希望多加说明和解释，但是其实在文章中已经有解释了，可以结合正文内容来回复
例：In the revised manuscript, the corresponding explanation and conclusion have been added, which can be found in page x/Line x/Section x and given below：'正文内容”。
03
结尾
对审稿人的意见再次表示感谢
示例：
1.We appreciate for Editors/Reviewers’ warm work earnestly, and hope that the correction will meet with approval. Once again, thank you very much for your comments and suggestions.
2.We sincerely appreciate the time and effort that the reviewers have invested in evaluating our manuscript. We are eager to receive any additional feedback or suggestions that may further enhance our work.
3.We tried our best to improve the manuscriptand made some changes in the manuscript.These changes will not influence thecontent and framework of the paper. Andhere we did not list the changes but markedin red in revised paper. We sincerely appreciate the time and effort that the reviewers have invested in evaluating our manuscript. We are eager to receive any additional feedback or suggestions that may further enhance our work.
转自英伽科研微信公众号，仅作学习交流，如有侵权，请联系本站删除！
