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精简论文的10个技巧

2024/6/7 11:33:45  阅读:49 发布者:

对中国的科研作者来说,要把文章写的简洁有力是一件有难度的事,因为经常找不到适合的词来替代短句。事实上,遵守字数限制来说也不简单,因为总是有很多话想说,但又要维持简短。

写论文需要同时记得期刊的要求然后尽量保持内文简洁,在论文写完后,可以再回头看一遍,找出可以再精简的内容。

这里有些写作小技巧,相信会对你有所帮助:

1. there is a previous study onit has been reported that 或其他类似的句型开头的句子通常都会引用一些文献,使得句子较累赘,可以将这些短语删除,仅留下引用文献。

示例

原文:It has been reported that the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease increases with age (Rogue et al, 2004). (17 )

修改后: The incidence of Alzheimer’s disease increases with age (Rogue et al, 2004). (12 )

2. 含有产品名称的句子可以将产品名放进括号里来缩短。

示例

原文:The samples were analyzed on the ABC spectrophotometer (Zhejiang Scientific, Zhejiang, China) to determine the xyz values. (17 )

修改后:The samples were analyzed to determine the xyz values (ABC spectrometer; Zhejiang Scientific, Zhejiang, China). (15 )

3. 将动词名词化能有效使句子变华丽,试着把这类的字找出来。以下例句借着把 diagnosis 替换成 diagnosed 将句子变短了。

示例

原文:A diagnosis of cancer was made on the basis of the findings. (12 )

修改后: Cancer was diagnosed on the basis of the findings. (9 )

4. 在结果章节,避免用群组数据加上统计相关性,可以直接把数据放进括号里。

示例

原文:The protein level was 5 mg in Group A, while it was 3 mg in Group B, the difference being statistically significant (p < 0.05). (25 )

修改后:The difference in the protein level between groups A and B was significant (5 mg vs. 3 mg, p < 0.05). (21 )

5. 检查是不是能把一些对读者来说理所当然的基本信息给删除,作者通常多在介绍与讨论部分的开头有所叙述。虽说建构上下文很重要,但给读者这样的信息就有点太过了。例如你在写有关 AIDS 的研究论文,不要用像 AIDS is a life-threatening disease. 这样的句子开头。

6. 找找一些典型的赘词,用比较不那么啰嗦的词来表示。以下提供一些范例:

示例

a number of → several

as a result → therefore

on the other hand → whereas

as a consequence of → owing to

7. 在英文文法里,可以用省略结构免去在一个句子里重复出现的动词。

示例

原文:Group A was given cyclosporine, Group B was given FK506, and Group C was given chlorambucil. (16 )

修改后:Group A was given cyclosporine; Group B, FK506; and Group C, chlorambucil. (12 )

8. 大部分像 MS Office 这样的软件将连字符号串联的字算成一个字,尽量多利用连字符吧。

示例

原文:After rehabilitation, the patients came to rely on themselves. (9 )

修改后:After rehabilitation, the patients became self-reliant (6 )

9. 有时候使用主动语态能减少某些句构的字数。

示例

原文:Written informed consent was given by all patients. (8 )

修改后:All patients gave written informed consent . (6 )

10. 避免用 of 表示所有格。

示例

原文:Patients of Group 1 were followed up for 6 months, and those of Group 2, for 12 months. (18 )

修改后: Group 1 patients were followed up for 6 months, and Group 2 patients, for 12 months. (16 )

以上几个方法能在不改变内文的情况下通过英文大幅减少文章长度,不过减少字数总归不是件简单的事,需要来回读过几遍把能精简的部分找出来。如果以上方法都不管用,就要多费心神把内容整个看过,看看个部分能删掉了。

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